Presents a language-awareness (LA) perspective on the concept of autonomy in second-language learning. The article distinguishes between two kinds of LA, examines child development and the role played by metalinguistic knowledge and literacy in first-language acquisition and examines the role played by both kinds of LA in second-language pedagogy.…

Examines the role that valuing physical appearance, striving for success in multiple roles, and insecure parental attachment are related to eating disorder symptoms. Responses from 156 undergraduate women support the relationship between the Super Woman model (desire to achieve perfection in multiple and often contradictory roles) and the presence…

African-American urban elementary school principals were interviewed regarding how their race and gender statuses influenced perceptions about their administrative roles. Race and gender statuses were important in shaping these principals' social constructions of their administrative roles and their sense of mission vis a vis students. Race,…

This investigation with 122 college students, including 45 deaf students, found that neither deaf nor hearing students demonstrated a statistically significant advantage in accuracy or recall of nonverbal information about people in photographs. Deaf subjects, however, were more than twice as likely as hearing subjects to base their judgments upon…

This study investigates the phenomenon that listeners of English were surprisingly accurate at predicting the temporal end of a sentence when only given the part up to the "potentially last word," that is a noun before an optional prepositional phrase of varying lengths. Results of four experiments using either French or English are given. (35…

Discusses differences between perception of politeness in Western and Japanese societies, concentrating on relations of social power and social distance as well as on conception of family. Concludes that many problems experienced by Japanese speakers of English as a Second Language in accomplishing linguistic politeness in English stem from nature…

Reviews Deborah Tannen's collection of essays, "Gender and Discourse." The review maintains that this collection is padded with anecdotes but provides little evidence of the research supposedly underlying this work. It is concluded that what is needed in a discussion of gender and discourse is a methodology in which linguistic features…

The literature on the effects of congenital blindness on infants' development of motor functions and concepts of object permanence is reviewed. The article questions the idea that infants must first develop an object concept before sound clues alone will elicit reaching. Possible interventions to redress the effects of congenital blindness on…

Assigned 1,426 university students to four intervention groups. A "norm-setting" intervention program--used to study perceptions and expectations of drinking--was of chief interest. This group was associated with the greatest reductions in the drinking norms attributed to the student body, close friends, living groups, and parents. (RJM)

Investigated the development of reorientation abilities in humans in contrast to other mammals. Findings support the domain specificity of human's core cognitive abilities, the conservation of cognitive abilities across related species and over the course of human development, and the developmental processes by which core abilities are extended to…

Presents activities to help students gain understanding about auditory perception. Describes demonstrations that cover topics, such as sound localization, wave cancellation, frequency/pitch variation, and the influence of media on sound propagation. (CMK)

Compared the timecourse of inhibition of return (IOR) of young children to that of older children and adolescents in single and double cue procedures. Found no IOR in the young children unless a double cue was used, but for older groups, found IOR at all intervals with a double cue and the typical crossover pattern, with early facilitation…

Investigates the relationship between working memory (WM) capacity (particularly visuo-spatial working memory (VSWM)), the ability to mentally rotate three-dimensional objects, and mathematical skills. Explains that in experiment 1, VSWM was examined; and in experiment 2, contributions of other WM components to mathematical skills was examined.…

Nonverbal IQs were greater than verbal IQs for children (ages 3-7) on the Stanford-Binet: IV (n=53). However, WISC-III verbal and nonverbal IQs were similar for older children, 6-15 years of age (n=63). Stanford-Binet: IV profiles were generally consistent for the low-IQ and high-IQ groups with high scores on visual matching tests. (Contains…

Investigated how learners' perception of second language segments is affected by their first language by examining native Korean and Japanese speakers' perception of nasal segments in English. Also examined the perceived relationship between English syllable-final nasals and Japanese categories to provide insight into why one of the contrasts was…