Explored evidence of perseveration, or the inability to shift from one mental activity to another, in three to seven year olds. In a visual task, perseveration was prominent for three year olds and absent for children over four. On a verbal fluency test, there were different results for three types of perseveration. (BC)

Investigated sex-typed and androgynous subjects' (n=21) preferences for male and female counselors of low, medium, and high levels of effectiveness. Both groups of subjects used information related to effectiveness and ignored gender information, contrary to the predictions of gender schema theory that sex-typed subjects would use gender when…

Examined relationship between gender and sex role orientation of clients as predictors of counselors' interpersonal impressions of them and treatment expectancies. Findings from 16 counseling psychology doctoral student counselors concerning 47 clients suggest that highly masculine and highly feminine clients (regardless of gender) are perceived…

Suggests that effective school counseling program would be time efficient and time limited; address issue that most students are not self-referred; address issue of reluctant student; demonstrate positive orientation toward people and change; teach students to use counseling process, change their behaviors, and cope; and use strength of clients…

State endorsements of site-based management frequently overlook the development of skills necessary for collegial teamwork and strategies for demonstrating administrators' sincere commitment to the process. This article describes symbolic actions that some administrators have taken to develop new skills and build the necessary trust for assuming…

Teachers are isolated from their peers by classroom walls and invisible school barriers. Many evaluation systems are outmoded, and few opportunities exist for teachers and principals to stretch their traditional roles. Professional Partnerships, an alternative evaluation process, addresses these common concerns. Teachers establish voluntary…

This study of 94 college undergraduates, including 24 with a reading disability, found that speech perception was strongly related to 3 of 4 phonological variables, including short-term and long-term auditory memory and phoneme segmentation, which were in turn strongly related to reading. Nonverbal temporal processing was not related to any…

This study compared 112 younger and older adult monolingual English speakers and English/Spanish bilingual speakers on measures of auditory perception and memory span. The results revealed no age difference in auditory memory span in English but found that both older and younger bilinguals performed better than monolinguals on these tasks.…

Reviews basic ideas presented in this special issue on the evolution of behaviorism. Topics addressed include stimulus and response; research with animals; applications to education and training; human motivation; theory through computer programs; experimental analysis of behavior; behaviorism moving into other disciplines; cognitive…

In this study, researchers surveyed 94 recent retirees. Results supported previous studies which categorized retirement into four modes of experience: (1) Transition to Old Age; (2) New Beginning; (3) Continuation; and (4) Imposed Disruption. Striking gender differences emerged among those surveyed, particularly the finding that, compared to men,…

Discusses the sensory systems of sight, hearing, taste, smell, touch, and equilibrium as tools of children's mental development. (MKR)

The stochastic interactive activation and competition (SIAC) model of perception is presented and tested using several data sets from previous research. The asymptotic predictions of the SIAC model are compared with those of the fuzzy logical model of perception (FLMP). Evidence favoring the FLMP is reviewed. (SLD)

Reading-disabled children (n=92) were classified as either scotopic or nonscotopic using the Irlen Differential Perceptual Schedule. Use of either colored or clear overlays over reading material resulted in improved reading rate, accuracy, and comprehension when scotopic children read with the preferred colored overlay filter. Nonscotopic children…

The research administrator of the Westinghouse Electric Corporation (Pennsylvania) discusses issues in the transformation of the company from a technology-driven to a business-driven organization, a process in which the technical and business segments of the organization work as teams toward successful innovation. (MSE)

College administrators must find a balance between their administrative roles and the responsibility of assuring academic freedom to faculty. When they do this well, most administrative problems are resolved without excessive difficulty. Appropriate managerial strategies can help mediate professional/administrative conflict. (MSE)