The usefulness of operant conditioning for the special physical educator in managing behavior problems is pointed out, and steps to follow in applying operant conditioning techniques are outlined. (SB)

The essentials of learned helplessness theory are described and supporting evidence surveyed. The explanation Seligman and Maier give for these findings is critically analyzed. A schedule-shift discrimination theory of learned helplessness effects is also discussed. (Author)

An experimental group of three institutionalized severely retarded adult males received binary tone feedback for alpha production while a control group (3) followed identical procedures without feedback. Analysis revealed significant difference between groups in alpha percentage increase over baseline, encouraging research on applications for…

Solar power is providing about 60 percent of the space heating and domestic hot water and about 22 percent of the cooling load at the Ralph Bunch Middle School in Atlanta (Georgia). (Author/MLF)

There is an increased need for well-planned and well-executed water management programs when cooling systems are operated part-time or on partial load. (Author/MLF)

Argues that a better understanding of developmental processes is provided by three types of operant research -- laboratory behavioral descriptions, descriptions of naturalistic behavior-environment interdependencies, and predictive naturalistic studies. The usefulness of these processes are examined in light of the goals of life span developmental…

Several different conceptions of the relationship between learning and development are considered in this article. It is argued that dialectical and ecological developmental orientations might provide a useful basis for synthesizing the contrasting frameworks of the operant, information processing, learning theory, and knowledge acquisition…

An operant-conditioning technique was used to teach three handicapped children (three to five years old) exhibiting echolalia to respond appropriately to a series of questions. (Author)

Results indicated that the intervention package--including instructions, feedback from an electronic device that measures motor activity, and contingent reinforcement--was successful in reducing activity in the classroom for 8 of the 11 emotionally disturbed Ss (ages 9 to 13 years). (Author/DLS)

Social feedback was investigated as a treatment strategy for reducing inappropriate verbalizations by a retarded adult in a vocational-training program. Treatment procedures were introduced as a combination of three components: praise for not verbalizing inappropriately, reprimands, and instruction. (Author)

The efficacy of teaching higher level cognitive skills to the trainable mentally retarded is questioned as research has yet to show that the skills learned can be generalized by this population to the classroom or other settings. (Author/PHR)

At the Shenandoah Solar Recreation Center in Georgia, solar energy is used not only for heating and cooling, but also for ice making. (Author/MLF)

Ways for school officials to take the initiative in designing and implementing a plan of energy conservation. (Author/MLF)

The findings of this study of an institutionalized schizophrenic girl indicated a functional relationship between the treatment procedure and a decrease in the rate of self-injurious behavior, although the self-injurious behavior was not entirely eliminated by the treatment procedure. (Author/DLS)

Among the findings were that the treatment procedure produced immediate and substantial suppression effects on the self-injurious behavior, which generalized to the nontraining environment and endured over an eight-month interval. (Author/DLS)