Two groups of l4 mothers were interviewed to study how parents reason about their children's behavior. The two samples differed considerably in terms of education, age, race, and socioeconomic status. The first group, high school educated, averaged 24 years of age, and, if married, had spouses with blue-collar jobs. The second group, college…

This study analyzes Census data which indicate the following U.S. poverty trends for 1988: (1) the gap between rich and poor is wider than at any point in the post World War II era; (2) the poverty rate showed no improvement and remains higher than the most severe recession years of the 1970s; (3) the share of the national family income going to…

Scandinavian welfare states are developing a growing new middle class and a growing marginalized, poverty-threatened underclass, reproducing the societal duality caused by labor market structuring. Tightening labor markets, increased dependency on welfare benefits, and substantial decreases in public transfers have combined to create a growing…

Theories of taste are efforts to understand the processes of signification by which cultural forms take on meaning, and how subjects are inserted into such processes. One of these theories is the notion of "taste cultures," set forth by Herbert Gans in the 1960s and continued by George Lewis into the 1980s. A taste culture is an…

A developmental dialectical approach to understanding and working with lower and middle class damaged parents--those identified as abusive and neglectful--has specific features and implications. The approach suggests that (1) the personality characteristics and interpersonal relations of parents are inseparable from their social conditions; (2)…

The article discusses whether the cognitive potential of members of one cultural milieu can be assessed accurately by the tests of another culture. (KM)

The rationale behind most standard English tests is openly political and economic--to perpetuate and protect the advantages of the white middle class. (JH)

In order to assess the degree to which teachers' expectations are related to children's social class characteristics, 96 elementary school teachers of lower and middle-upper class children were asked to judge performance potential and related characteristics, including SES background, from a set of photographs of black and white children.…

Hearings before the House Subcommittee on Postsecondary Education on H.R. 10854 are presented. The bill would amend the Higher Education Act of 1965 to increase the eligibility of middle-income students for the various forms of student assistance available under such act, and for other purposes. The text of the bill and statements of numerous…

EDUCATION MUST BE THOUGHT OF IN ITS TOTAL CONTEXT. ADDITIONAL COMPENSATION MUST CONTINUE TO BE PLANNED FOR THE DISADVANTAGED, AND THE PROPER KINDS OF COMPENSATION MUST BE PLANNED FOR THE MIDDLE CLASS. IF TOTAL EDUCATION FOR ALL YOUTH IS TO BE PROVIDED, A MOST CRITICAL NEED IS FACILITIES. OTHER NEEDS INCLUDE--RECRUITMENT, TRAINING, AND JOB…

THIS ARTICLE PRESENTS SIZE AND GROWTH VELOCITY DATA COLLECTED DURING A LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF 111 NORMAL, HEALTHY NEGRO INFANTS FROM LOWER-MIDDLE-CLASS FAMILIES. DATA WERE OBTAINED FROM BIRTH RECORDS AND MEASUREMENTS TAKEN DURING ROUTINE PHYSICAL EXAMINATIONS. WHEN THIS NEGRO SAMPLE WAS COMPARED WITH WHITE INFANTS IN SIMILAR STUDIES IT WAS FOUND…

Two programs being considered by Congress to aid middle-income college students in coping with ever increasing college costs are examined. Expansion of existing student aid programs to reach families higher on the income scale; or a new program of federal income tax credits for the expenses of higher education. The background of present policy…

A total of 20 children, between 17 and 38 months old, were observed in their day care centers and in a standardized laboratory procedure. In both settings, preseparation, separation, and reunion situations were observed. Observers coded proximity-increasing and proximity-decreasing behaviors to mother and to other adults; in addition, distress,…