Uses a videotape of two preschool children to investigate the influence of gender labeling adults' perception of aggression in children. The degree of aggression displayed by the target child was judged by 175 college students (139 females, 36 males). Four conditions were created by varying the gender label of both the target and the nonrated…

A study was conducted concerning the relationship between role preference and teaching effectiveness of home economics student teachers. During student teaching, student teachers became significantly more oriented to the roles of disciplinarian and referrer, although in order of preference these were the two least preferred roles. (CT)

Reviews literature on children up to age one to determine whether heart rate (HR) is a reliable, stable, and valid measure. Considers factors influencing resting HR and the Law of Initial Values, discusses information about response to stimulation and infant perception and affect obtained by using HR measures, and describes HR use in risk…

A study of British adolescents was conducted. Though no sex differences were found for personal adjustment, females experienced more conflict over sex-role issues. Subjects who experienced the highest levels of sex-role conflict also experienced more problems in personal adjustment when they perceived themselves as deficient in…

A K-12 visual arts program in Ontario, Canada, which used observational drawing to increase students' visual observation skills is described. Students had to observe and draw objects associated with intimate use, objects that were physically more distant and unfamiliar, and objects in the rural countryside. (RM)

Argues for the recognition of income maintenance as a specialized form of social service, and calls on the social work profession to assume a major role in its development. Discusses the role and training of the income maintenance worker, and reviews effects of the separation of the two professions. (JAC)

Two experiments investigated the accuracy of naive observers' judgments of behavior change. Observers accurately and reliably detected the change in subjects' behavior across time; the provision of a diagnostic label did not affect the accuracy of the observations. Implications of these findings for the assessment of counseling outcome are…

Sex differences in cognitive skills, grouped into motor, spatial and linguistic areas, are assessed in relation to current theories of cerebral lateralization. Few convincing sex differences exist, either overall, or in interactions with functional localization. Qualifying criteria include age, birth order, culture, sex of experimenter and sex…

Four interaction-perception perspectives of the fictitious target of a double-bind conflict were provided by four groups of subjects. The perspectives included perceptions of a daughter about herself and her father (the double-bind source), and her estimates of his perceptions of both himself and her. (Editor)

Reports a study designed to ascertain the relationship between teacher perceived attractiveness and classroom interactions and suggests that "main effects" such as facial attractiveness of youngsters acts to determine individual potential for interactions with others. (MH)

Children's literature and school texts have reflected society's relegation of women to inferior, passive roles; while there is now an awareness that stereotypes and sexist terms should be eliminated, there is the danger that overreaction will diminish literary quality. (JD)

A survey of 120 fifth- and sixth-grade children indicates that the number of hours spent viewing TV is significantly related to perceptual passivity; that a negative correlation between perceptual passivity and reading achievement is not indicated; and that a negative correlation between the number of TV viewing hours and reading achievement does…

This discussion is based on data from a recent series of interviews with parents of teenagers. It is examined in relation to the educational objectives of these parents for their children compared with goals set by the Australian Schools Commission and to practices in the home and ideologies and assumptions thus revealed. (Author/TK)

Concludes that it seems unfair to refuse to double certain versions of films especially those that might increase the self-concept or identity of blacks, but that it would be unwise and too costly to duplicate indiscriminately all educational productions, assuming that learning would be promoted. (Author/AM)

Draws on the experience of an innovative school mental health project, emphasizing early detection and prevention of school adjustment problems, to describe emergent, needed roles for school psychologists. (Author)