Three potentially influential factors were examined in this study: who is being ranked (self or other), where the child fits in the class hierarchy (high or low), and what terms are used for ranking ("gets own way" or "is toughest"). Fifty-two fourth-grade students ranked themselves and their classmates. (Author/SJL)

Identifies personal-social factors women perceive as being those that prevent them from entering occupations usually held by men. Factors included conceptions of male-dominated work environments, self-concept, stereotyped views held by family, attitudes of friends, security in traditional jobs, fear of failure, and money training. (CT)

As they forge creative relationships with other disciplines, education professionals are rewriting the classic definition of "teacher" to encompass new fields of human services. Teachers are challenged to see themselves not exclusively as academic instructors but in the broadest sense as behavior change agents. (CJ)

Studied the relationship between performance indices and facets of job satisfaction, role ambiguity, and role conflict among 102 full-time faculty members across three career stages. Results indicated that an individual's career stage within a profession had an important moderating effect on facets of job satisfaction and role perception…

Focuses on two questions: Does the use of three-dimensional representation in audiovisual instructional materials increase learning of a psychomotor task in which depth perception is critical as compared with two-dimensional representations? Is there a relationship between the impact of three-dimensional representation and the level of complexity…

Orthographic context and visual letter information were independently varied in a letter recognition task. The results contradicted the qualitative predictions of nonindependence theories of reading and are accurately described by a quantification of independence theory. (Author/CP)

Contrary to the contentions of many writers who report that academic chairmen experience considerable role conflict, a study at SUNY Buffalo shows that there is considerable agreement among faculty, administrators, and chairmen about which of the 46 tasks surveyed the chairmen must or should carry out. The 46 questionnaire tasks are listed. (JMD)

For reading specialists to play a decisive role in improving reading comprehension of young people, they must get into the classrooms. To gain this entry, they should behave in a way that acknowledges the classroom teacher's attitudes and perceptions about reading and that eliminates those practices that seem to offend teachers. (Author/SJL)

Correlates 138 elementary school children's views about the purposes of school to their styles of reward allocation: academically motivated students allocated rewards equally to two hypothetical performers who had unequally helped a teacher perform a manual chore, while socially motivated children allocated rewards in an equity (performance-based)…

Auditory tests were administered to 30 blind, partially sighted, and sighted children. Overall, the blind and sighted were equal on most of the measured abilities. Blind children performed well on tonal memory tests. Partially sighted children performed more poorly than the other two groups. (MH)

Mirror-image animal and nonanimal words of three to six letters were presented to subjects in a reaction time categorization task. A significant interaction of Word Length X Block was found for words presented over all four blocks. A shift from component to holistic processing was found for the repeated words. (Author/RD)

Shows that the ability to impose a distinct and exact meaning on what is seen underlies the skills involved in reading; notes the importance of training in perception combined with a clear sense of the purpose of reading. (GT)

Discusses the problem of establishing gaming as a legitimate educational form by locating it within a larger theoretical scheme pertaining to what might be called the sociology of knowledge and by postulating how it ought to affect players as a learning experience. (MLW)

Randomly sampled students (N=287) indicated the Help Line at the University of Nebraska significantly helped with their personal and informational needs. Perceptions of Help Line's purposes fell into two groups: informational versus personal. The two groups had radically different call rates. Advertising procedures are also discussed. (Author)

College students (N=1250) starting introductory courses in thirteen academic disciplines were asked to predict their grade in the course. Results showed that overall, males predicted higher grades for themselves than did females. This held true for entering freshmen as well as for those with previous college experience. (Author)