Performance is affected by cognitive learning skills, but also by the reasons people perceive as causes of their successes and failures. People with high achievement needs perceive their successes as caused by their own ability and effort, and their failures as caused by lack of effort. People with low achievement needs blame their failures on…

Psycho-social factors in successful age-group swimmers were explored in this study. The subjects were 50 female and 39 male participants in the 1975 Amateur Athletic Union National Junior Olympics who were asked to answer a set of questions from an open-ended questionnaire. The results support a picture of young persons who invest a great deal of…

This paper reviews the author's research on the role of certain aspects of alienation in education. The first part of the paper discusses similarities between anomie and locus of reinforcement control, as they assess the normlessness and powerlessness aspects of alienation. The second part reports results from studies attempting to modify one's…

The Career Development Responsibility scale was designed to measure the extent to which students feel that reinforcement in terms of success in preparation-acquisition performance situations in a career are considered to be contingent on the student's own behavior. The 30-item instrument was written so that two items represent each cell of a 3x5…

This study investigated the effects of sex, status of occupational choice, and career development responsibility on the career maturity of ninth-grade students from an urban, industrial, integrated community. The instruments used were the Career Maturity Inventory (Crites), and the Career Development Responsibility (CDR) scale (Thomas). Results…

Fatalism as measured by Rotter's internal-external locus of control scale is the degree to which a person generally believes that events affecting his life are largely determined by other forces rather than by his own efforts. The purpose of this paper is to examine behavioral science theory concerning fatalism, and develop and test which types of…

Four-hundred and nine students (grades 8, 10, 12 and 14) were given logical syllogism problems of the form "If p...then q" along with tests of dogmatism and intolerance of ambiguity. Aptitude scores were also obtained. Major results indicated that expressed dogmatism and intolerance of ambiguity were negatively correlated with syllogistic…

Awareness of the presence of sexual double entendres within a word association test was investigated with measures of response time, verbal content of responses, and videotaped facial expressions. Subjects characterized as internal-field independent were found to become aware earlier in the task, to test out their developing hypothesis about the…

A Core Program was introduced in the College Discovery Program at Staten Island Community College in fall 1971 to facilitate the breakdown of traditional divisions between academic disciplines, promote greater intimacy in the classroom, and to help students perceive teachers in a more realistic way. Each core was comprised of freshman orientation,…

Factor analysis of Rubin and Peplau's belief in a Just World scale yielded three factors. The factors were named Deservingness, Denial of injustice, and Evaluate and act justly. Just World scores were generally unrelated to demographic data (such as socio-economic class, age, sex, family size, grade point average) among the undergraduate subjects.…

Results show that consistency of student performance was related to both the stability dimension of attributional behavior and attributions for immediate outcome varied along the locus of control dimension. Findings suggest the dominance of an informationally oriented influence on attributional behavior. (BJG)

Explored the relationship between children's internal or external locus of control orientation and their attitude toward school and self-concept as learners in school. Results support the premise that students with an internal locus of control will favor open-space schools; while students with an external locus of control will favor traditional…

This study showed an association between early independence training and internal locus of control in a cross-sectional, relatively diffuse, low- to middle-class subject population. (JMB)

The study examined the relationship between Rotter's concept of locus of control and certain constructs from Holland's theory. Primary and secondary vocational types, and consistent and inconsistent patterns were established. Individuals with consistent patterns were significantly more internally controlled than those with inconsistent patterns.…

Fourth, sixth and eighth grade boys and girls were assigned to three groups on the basis of their Total I scores on the Intellectual Achievement Responsibility Questionnaire. Patterns of I+/I- scores were compared with intelligence and achievement measures. (SE)