Language switching (language alternation, code switching), the rapid alternation from one language to another, may or may not convey more than the cognitive significance of the message. Linguists have demonstrated the metaphorical or connotative significance of switching, but have not fully discussed the various forms switching takes. The present…

A total of 150 questionnaires from directors, teachers, and paraprofessional personnel were used to ascertain local conditions and needs of 20 American Indian Title VII Projects and other educational programs within the American Indian Bilingual Education Center (AIBEC) service area in Arizona, Utah and New Mexico, and to assist AIBEC in making…

This profile in outline form of the English language teaching situation in France discusses the role of English within French society and within the educational system. It is noted that English is little used as a medium of communication, although it is the most widely studied language in the educational system. The use of English as medium of…

In a written discourse consisting of a string of "psychological paragraphs," there is in each such psychological paraqraph a "head" structure containing the topic which derives from the deep structure of the discourse. That "head" assertion differs from all other assertions in the psychological paragraph in that it carries new information. The…

Designed to promote an awareness of the everyday French language, this supplementary textbook was developed to enable students of French to use idiomatic expressions from the early learning stages to the more advanced levels. The units are arranged as follows according to the verb component of the expression: "avoir,""etre,""faire," the three…

If English teachers are an endangered species, as is sometimes said, they must attempt to survive by adapting to a changing environment and explaining their work to the public. Community college teachers should teach critical reading skills by starting with materials relevant to students' lives, should teach writing by stressing conceptual skills…

A method in bilingual education by which subjects can be taught in two languages, known as "the Concurrent Approach," is the school curriculum defined and discussed here. After a brief overview of the professional literature, the rationale for the implementation of this approach is offered on the basis of four criteria: (1) mental processes, (2)…

This Ilocano translation manual for nursing aides is designed to improve reading skills of U.S. immigrants. After short reading in Ilocano and English translations of vocabulary/phrases, comprehension, grammar, and language usage exercises are presented. Topical areas include: food, the hospital staff, body language, cleanliness in the hospital,…

This Vietnamese translation manual for nursing aides is designed to improve speaking skills of U.S. immigrants. Each section contains previews in Vietnamese as well as exercises and dialog situations that include English translations. Sections on introductions, time, meals, parts of the body, clothing and common articles, telephone situations,…

The job position of military advisory and assistance group (MAAG) officer for the Air Force as performed in Iberian Spanish is described in terms of terminal skill objectives (TSOs) and enabling objectives (EOs). This analysis is part of the communication/language objectives-based system (C/LOBS), which supports the front-end analysis efforts of…

This Iberian Spanish Function Catalog presents sentences, phrases, and patterns organized by language functions and functional categories. This catalog is part of the communication/language objectives-based system (C/LOBS), which supports the front-end analysis efforts of the Defense Language Institute Foreign Language Center. The C/LOBS project,…

The job position of infantryman of special forces as performed in Russian is described in terms of terminal skill objectives (TSOs) and enabling objectives (EOs). This analysis is part of the communication/language objectives-based system (C/LOBS), which supports the front-end analysis efforts of the Defense Language Institute Foreign Language…

A TEACHER'S EXPERIENCE IN GUIDING A GROUP OF 40 FOURTH-GRADERS IN WRITING A BOOK IS REPORTED, AND THE BOOK IS INCLUDED. PROVIDED ARE DESCRIPTIONS OF--(1) THE STEP-BY-STEP PROCESS OF WRITING EACH CHAPTER OF THE BOOK, (2) THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE STUDENTS'"OWN ENGLISH BOOK"--RULES FOR USAGE, SPELLING, PUNCTUATION, AND CAPITALIZATION,…

This collection of abstracts is part of a continuing series providing information on recent doctoral dissertations. The 26 titles deal with a variety of topics, including the following: (1) comparison of achievement test scores between bilingually and nonbilingually instructed Cherokee Indians; (2) issues related to the social phenomenon of black…

The formation of self-concept is seriously affected by both oral and written language; language also affects the ways people think about others. Young children in particular have not yet learned the abstract concept of the generic "he" and when a judge, author, or principal is referred to as "he", the child is subtly conditioned against the idea…