Stevens postulated that we can use the responses of a participant in a ratio scaling experiment directly to construct a psychophysical function representing the participant's sensations. Although Stevens' methods of constructing measurement scales are widely used in the behavioral sciences, the problem of which scale type is appropriate to…

Although it may be disconcerting to contemplate, true and false memories arise in the same way. Memories are attributions that we make about our mental experiences based on their subjective qualities, our prior knowledge and beliefs, our motives and goals, and the social context. This article describes an approach to studying the nature of these…

This study examined the influence of diagnostic criteria and diagnostic labels for psychopathy or conduct disorder on judicial decisions. A national sample of judges (N = 326) rendered hypothetical dispositions based on 1 of 12 mock psychological evaluations. The evaluations varied the presence of 2 sets of diagnostic criteria (antisocial…

The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the socionormative approach of internality in the field of education, and more specifically regarding scholastic judgment. It describes the theoretical development and the main procedures used by researchers to show that internal causal explanations have more value than external ones because they…

This bibliography, which was compiled in conjunction with a review of the developmental disabilities literature focusing on interventions with challenging behavior, contains references for 151 articles from 15 journals. The bibliography, covering articles published between 1988 and 1992, updates an earlier version which covered 1976 through 1987.…

Considerable discussion and debate have been devoted to the extent and nature of structural or functional correspondence between internal representations and their external visual counterparts. An analogue representation or process is one in which the relational structure of external events is preserved in the corresponding internal…

The study showed that the experimental subjects made more correct responses, rated sessions positively, manifested a greater number of desired study behaviors, and increased their rate of responding and study behaviors, than the control subjects. (Author/BP)

Views the tendency of actors to take on the attitudes of the characters they play as an example of dissonance reduction and investigates dissonance arousal and retardation in terms of the actor and his perception of his performance. (MH)

Contends that television's portrayal of character aggression, specifically the aggressor's motives and the consequences to him, effectively modifies children's behavior. Communication Research-International Quarterly, Sage Publications, Inc., 275 S. Beverly Dr., Beverly Hills, California 90212. (MH)

Subjects (N=45) were treated with one of three weight control procedures: (a) attention placebo; (b) covert sensitization; and (c) covert sensitization augmented by false physiological feedback. Although all treatment groups lost weight, there was no differential weight loss among the groups at posttest or a 4-week follow-up test. (Author)

This study examined several explicit and implicit assertions in Rosenhan's "On Being Sane in Insane Places" (AA 521 951), as well as methodological and logical shortcomings and interpretations contrary to those presented. (Author/RK)

Examines the influence of oral message organization on fact recall, patterning and problem-solving. (MH)

Offers evidence that exposure to television violence can increase childrens' tolerance of real-life aggression. (MH)

Assesses television's potential to influence both prosocial and antisocial behavior in children and cites supportive investigative studies. (MH)