Compared female business owners, managers, and secretaries to examine predictors of occupational choice, satisfaction, and success in the self-employment of women. Results showed owners rated higher than secretaries in achievement motivation, locus of control, and sex role, while owners and managers were similar except in parental models. (JAC)

Evaluated the effectiveness of the Life Choices program in increasing internality and perceived competence in 74 sixth-grade girls. Results indicated the program was successful for working class subjects, but lower class girls showed no increase in internality or knowledge of career alternatives. (JAC)

This study assessed common concerns of school-age children. Participating were 138 children in grades 1, 3, and 5. Concerns were spontaneously generated by children during Phase 1 of the study, and common stressors most frequently mentioned were ranked on a 10-item rank-order task during Phase 2. In Phase 3, children completed questionnaires…

Male and female undergraduates rated their ability, amount of preparation, task difficulty, and their initial confidence (expectation) before they began an important examination. Subsequently they attributed causality for the examination outcome by rating the importance of factors involving ability, preparation, task difficulty, and luck as…

The major hypothesis of the present study was that individuals with high need for achievement and high intellectual achievement responsibility would be more attracted to the opportunities provided by B.Ed. as opposed to certificate course in colleges of education. (Authors)

Two models of the healer's role are compared: physicians and Mexican American folk healers (curanderos). Effects of culture on the delivery of health care are manifested in the protection of patient modesty, locus of control over diagnosis and treatment, and the healer's role as a cultural interpreter of therapeutic regimens. (Author/NQA)

A temporal theory of motivation is proposed in which causes, causal dimensions, psychological consequences (expectancy and affect), and behavioral outcomes play a role in the dynamics of action. The discussion of methodological errors in attribution research that follows examines shortcomings at each of these conceptual stages in the motivational…

Measured selected health-related effects of association with companion-animals on humans. The sample consisted of predominantly elderly veterans (N=56), who did or did not live with pets, that comprised the census of a home care program. No significant differences were observed. (Author/JAC)

Investigated sex differences on the Adult Nowicki-Strickland Internal-External Control Scale using factor analysis of student scores (N=194). Three factors emerged for females and five for males. Comparison with other studies shows item consistency on the first two factors which were the same for both sexes. (Author/JAC)

Identified wives (N=56) of hemodialysis patients at risk for problems adapting to their husband's illness, and explored personality variables that might enhance coping. Results showed greater external locus of control was related to poorer adjustment, but greater internal locus of control was not related to better adjustment. (Author/JAC)

A study of 35 learning disabled adolescents (LDA) is presented. The effects of continuing school failure on self-esteem, success and failure attribution, and the rationalization process for these failures by the learning disabled adolescent are discussed. (Author/TLJ)

The effects of a specific self-monitoring technique (charting) on promoting changes in the locus of control (LOC) orientation of educable mentally retarded children (n=91) were investigated. The relationship between LOC orientation and the children's chronological age was also investigated. (Author?PN)

The relationship between an affective teacher characteristic (a component of achievement motivation called success orientation) and changes in two affective outcomes of pupils (attitude toward learning and perceived personal control of one's own academic success and failure) was investigated. (Author/PN)

The present study compared the factor structures obtained when the same data were factor analyzed: (1) for the total sample (463 fifth grade students) and by sex for collapsed concepts, and (2) by individual concept for the total sample by sex, and for internal and external locus of control groups. (Author/PN)

Using actual student referral records, researchers investigated: (1) why teachers referred students for psychoeducational evaluation; (2) causes to which they attributed students' difficulties; and (3) whether causes were related to reasons for referral. Teachers attributed 97 percent of the students' difficulties to factors outside the school.…