This report presents the results of two experimental studies undertaken to investigate some of the differences in success and failure attributions made by actors and observers in an achievement situation. Causal attributions of a person actually experiencing a success or failure (the actor) and someone who read about the situation (the observer)…

In addition to the list of HumRRO publications and presentations, of FY 1974, an annotated section incorporates the material from the Bibliography of Publications and Presentations During FY 1972-73. Research reports issued by HumRRO during FY 1974 are listed as are publications by staff members in professional journals and presentations at…

This paper reports on a successful attempt to understand success avoidant motivation and behavior by the development of an empirically sophisticated scoring system of success avoidant motivation and the observation of its behavioral correlates and situational determinants. Like most of the work on achievement motivation, the study was carried out…

Examined was the influence of the passage of time on the effects resulting from viewing an instructional film and to corroborate the findings of a similar, earlier study. Eighth grade students (829) of a California suburban school district were assigned, in random groups, to varied treatments involving pretesting, film viewing, immediate…

Behavioral research presents an analysis of the classroom in which sources of academic success or failure are sought in contingencies of reinforcement functioning in the child's learning environment. Motivation is analyzed in behavioral terms, and behavior principles are proposed as a powerful tool for teachers for the amelioration of behavior…

The effect of grammatical phonological rules (those in English) and nongrammatical (those in other languages) on the learning and reproduction of morpheme-length utterances and the role of maturation on this effect were examined. Children preschool through second grade were the subjects. There were no significant differences at any grade level…

In behavioral studies of academic performance, accuracy has usually been defined as the number of items correct divided by the number of items assigned. One previous study used an alternative definition--the number of items correct divided by the number of items attempted. It is suggested here that while both measures are useful indices of…

A survey was conducted of 406 elementary, middle, and secondary school teachers to determine their understanding, acceptance, and use of the principle of operant conditioning. The treatment of data was by percent and chi square analysis primarily according to sex, experience, degree, and position. Subjects reported that a) they believed that the…

The effects of modeled and instructed rehearsal on serial recall and semicovert rehearsal were evaluated for kindergarten, second-and fourth-grade children following baseline levels for both modeling and instruction groups. Groups observing a model rehearsal rehearsed more than groups observing a silent model. A quadratic relationship was found…

This paper describes an ongoing treatment program based on a cognitive-attentional interpretation of text anxiety. The primary goal is to train students to eliminate self-relevant thinking, and increase task-relevant thinking, i.e., to turn their attention from the self to the demands of the external situation. Three studies are described. The…

An inquiry was conducted into the question of the influence of Christmas and Easter on the occurrence of death. The authors hypothesized that dying might be postponed until after these two important events resulting in a significantly increased frequency of death after these holidays. Obituaries were read for 4 weeks before and 4 weeks after each…

Pertaining to studies in communication behavior, this bibliography consists of pertinent articles in academic journals which regularly publish behavior studies related to communication, and relevant English language books published during the period January 1, 1972, through May 31, 1973, as well as those published prior to 1972 but not cited in…

Recent research on the behavioral assessment and treatment of social anxiety and inhibition is reviewed. Subjects for the studies were college men and women selected on the basis of heterosexual anxiety and inhibition. The first part of the paper is concerned with assessment. The behavioral assessment procedures developed include: (1) direct…

The behavior modification literature dealing with parent-child interaction has focused on training parents to modify their children's behavior. However, there is ample data which demonstrates that in ongoing social interactions between parents and children, children and parents control the behavior of one another. The viewpoint is offered that a…

The effects of stress on state anxiety and heart rate of male high school subjects were investigated. Two psychomotor tasks were used. In the stress condition, subjects received negative feedback about performance; the subjects in the nonstress condition were given rest intervals. Subjects in both conditions showed differing regression lines. The…