Compared gang versus nongang high school students along measures of self-esteem, racial attitudes, and self-professed role models. Results from 78 white and 77 black students revealed that gang members had significantly lower levels of self-esteem compared to nongang peers. All students, regardless of ethnicity, manifested negative racial…

This study investigated the prediction of the self-reported occurrence of 14 violent events among ethnically diverse eighth graders from psychosocial variables measured in the same youths in seventh grade (tobacco and alcohol use, and demographic, interpersonal, and intrapersonal variables). Data analysis provided support for an extension of…

Reports on a study of the association between computer anxiety and measures of positive and negative affect when using computerized vs. standard administration. Gender differences across the two modes of administration were assessed. Measures of state, trait, and mathematics anxiety were obtained to clarify the association between computer anxiety…

The process used to select candidates for teacher training at a university department of education in the United Kingdom is described. Selection criteria, interview techniques, and essay requirements are reviewed for applicants for the training program. Tutors make assessments of candidates' personality during interviews, and these assessments…

Measures of self-monitoring and other measures were completed by 93 elementary school children on 3 occasions during a 15-month period. Self-monitoring was related to peer acceptance and self-esteem, but the relation may have been influenced by gender. Boys' self-monitoring correlated with popularity measures, whereas girls' did not. (BC)

Warns that, without the expectation of joy, there will be no creative personality. Argues that the main purpose of the teacher's activity is to create a success situation for every student. Suggests steps to creating a success situations bank that will allow teachers and students to share successful ideas and avoid illusory successes. (DK)

Replies to criticism of the author's views on self-esteem and self-assessment. Contends that there is more agreement than disagreement. Argues that the student-teacher relationship is more important than critics contend. (CFR)

Examined relation between adolescent separation-individuation, family cohesion, and college adjustment in college students (N=240). First group was used to explore individuation measures. Theoretical model specifying that college adjustment would be predicted by family cohesion, positive separation feelings, and independence from parents, was…

Describes a six-week summer remedial writing program at the State University of New York at Buffalo, which utilized instructional approaches designed to accommodate students' learning styles. Results on pre- and posttests of essay-writing ability, sentence fluency, and attitudes toward writing revealed improvements in all areas following the…

A study of 19 public schools in Washington and 20 in Alberta found that more Canadian teachers perceive principals as using positive motivation in social control communication; more male teachers think principals use negative motivation to communicate expectations; and teachers perceive that more male principals communicate expectations from a…

Pastoral counseling can enable African-American men to adopt a different identity by presenting a model of holism that allows men to access both masculine and feminine sides of their identities, becoming whole persons who respond to the world from within rather than reacting to external pressures. (SLD)

Reviews "Culture and the Child" by Daphne Keats. Maintains that the book's strengths include the empirical literature on cultural identity and its use of hypothetical incidents with alternative interpretations. Identifies areas that would have enhanced the book, including more in-depth discussion of alternate family structures, gender differences…

Investigated factors associated with school behavioral competence at 72 months in sample of at-risk boys followed longitudinally. Found that a cumulative measure of protective factors was strongly predictive of behavior problems. Mother-reported child emotionality mediated both the relation between mother-reported infant emotionality and…

Examined fourth, fifth, and sixth graders' self-conceptualizations about their own appearance in relation to peer evaluations of social behaviors. The children also indicated how important they believed appearance to be for peer relationships. Found that the association of appearance self-discrepancies and particular behavior dispositions occurred…

A study of 173 Australian residential workers found significant associations between burnout and some demographic variables such as practice of religion and with time and effort expended on the job. Low burnout scores were associated with some features of the work situation such as job satisfaction and with relationship status. (Author/CR)