The goal of this workshop module is to increase teachers' awareness of the differential processes of socialization that affect the development of independence in girls and in boys and to help instructors adopt classroom behaviors and structures that foster independence in all students. Selected background readings on social attitudes toward…

A counseling technique which can be used in a clinical or educational setting with middle school to older adult students to help them understand the concept of the number one priority is a component of Adlerian lifestyle assessments of individual strengths and weaknesses. It is called the stereo-balance technique and its components focus on: (1)…

This paper examines the concept of decalage from two cognitive-change positions (structures of logical thought and attentional and verbal mediators) and proposes an alternative explanation for decalage from a perceptual-change point of view. The term decalage is used to summarize the relation between differences in performance of various age…

Counselor Trainees completed the author's Counselor's Foci Checklist. This rating scale explores seven concerns in the counseling profession: (1) clarifying roles; (2) understanding counseling theories; (3) being firm with clients; (4) being liked by clients; (5) being respected by professionals; (6) developing empathic listening skills; and (7)…

Areas of student reaction to the university, including student activities, opinions about college, perception of the college environment, and estimates of gains were investigated. Subjects were a random sample of undergraduate students at the Indiana University (Bloomington campus) in the spring of 1979, who completed the Pace College Student…

Two studies, conducted at the University of Washington and 30 large research-oriented institutions, examined the issue of performance of college and university administrators. In the first study, operational dissonance among the three levels of academic administrators were examined. Based on the role prescriptions and job functions of…

The relationship between male and female leaders' descriptions of their own behavior and the followers' descriptions of the leader's behavior in traditionally male-oriented leadership positions was examined. The data were collected as part of a research project to assess the assimilation of females at West Point and to determine how females were…

The recent conceptualization of organizations as "open" adaptive systems rather than "closed" systems has lead to increased interest in the relationship between the organization and its significant environmental influences. In order to study the perceived sources of internal (organizational) and external (environmental)…

As an introduction to the Program Evaluation Kit, this handbook serves as a general guide for the evaluator and provides a directory to the rest of the series (TM 008 703-710). Chapter 1 discusses the critical issues in program evaluation. Chapter 2 describes the diversified job of the evaluator. Chapters 3 through 5 contain step-by-step guides…

Eight papers which discuss rational and nonrational modes of knowing and consciousness and their relevance to educational practice are presented. Richard Jones in "Looking Back and Forth on Consciousness" considers two modes, the rational and the metaphoric, in a discussion of dreams. Alfred Kuhn discusses random variation and selective retention…

After reading a passage from a text which explained the deep and surface approaches to learning, ninety Swedish teenagers and adults with varying levels of formal education were asked to discuss their own learning in terms of this distinction. Surprisingly, sixty-one subjects considered both approaches applicable to their own learning. After…

THE PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY WAS TO INVESTIGATE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SMALL STUDENT-LED DISCUSSION GROUPS AS A METHOD OF INSTRUCTION. PERFORMED WERE TWO TYPES OF STUDIES INVOLVING OVER 1,400 STUDENTS IN 42 COURSES--(1) COMPARATIVE STUDIES WHICH EMPLOYED CONTROL GROUPS AGAINST MORE TRADITIONAL INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES, AND (2) INNOVATIVE STUDIES WHICH…

THIS DISCUSSION OF DRAMA, DRAWN FROM PAPERS AND IDEAS PRESENTED AT THE DARTMOUTH ANGLO-AMERICAN SEMINAR ON THE TEACHING OF ENGLISH, EMPHASIZES THE NEED FOR DRAMATIC ACTIVITIES AND PRESENTS METHODS OF EFFECTIVELY TEACHING DRAMA IN THE SECONDARY CLASSROOM. THE FIRST CHAPTER EXPLORES THE TYPE OF EDUCATION MOST EFFECTIVE FOR A STUDENT LIVING IN A…

THIS DOCUMENT IS THE FIRST IN A SERIES REPORTING ON PROGRESS OF AN EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH PROGRAM IN SPEECH CONTROL. THE TOPICS DISCUSSED ARE--(1) THE DISCONTINUITY OF AUDITORY DISCRIMINATION LEARNING IN HUMAN ADULTS, (2) DISCRIMINATIVE CONTROL OF CONCURRENT RESPONSES--THE RELATIONS AMONG RESPONSE FREQUENCY, LATENCY, AND TOPOGRAPHY IN AUDITORY…

THIS PAPER DOCUMENTS THE GENERAL CONDITIONS OF DISADVANTAGED AMERICANS AND EXAMINES THE PSYCHOEDUCATIONAL PROBLEMS WHICH GROW OUT OF THEM. SPECIFIC STATISTICS ARE REPORTED WHICH DESCRIBE INADEQUATE MEDICAL SERVICES FOR NEGROES, POOR HEALTH, POVERTY LEVEL INCOMES, AND EDUCATIONAL RETARDATION. THE PSYCHOEDUCATIONAL FACTORS DISCUSSED INCLUDE VISUAL…