According to recent research data, a successful reading program in the middle school requires a change in educational emphasis from content (skill orientation) to a curriculum determined by the cognitive, moral, and social-emotional development of the child. Three developmental models that provide tools for educators in developing such a…

This paper refers to data collected in a number of large scale national studies and to the findings of a number of smaller studies to suggest that factors in the personal characteristics of students from low socioeconomic backgrounds explain the underrepresentation of blacks, Hispanics and other low status students in higher education…

This review analyzes recent research on student personality, social and home environment, and the influence of these factors on academic achievement, particularly among minority and disadvantaged students. Several factors which purportedly affect student achievement and which are examined in the review include: (1) socioeconomic status and its…

Psychological literature seemingly provides contradictory answers to the question of whether women and men are equally effective as leaders. There are generally two approaches used to answer this question: assign males and females the role of leader, keeping certain extraneous factors constant, and then compare leader or group effectiveness; or…

It was hypothesized that the quality of superior-subordinate communication relationships, self-esteem, clothing consciousness, impulsiveness, and intellectual interest would account for a significant portion of variance in a multiple regression equation of female subordinates' system involvement. This hypothesis was tested with data from 164…

The study described in this paper examined the degree to which temperament trait characteristics of young children are perceived in a similar way by mothers and preschool teachers. Temperament ratings were obtained from mothers and from preschool teachers for 38 preschool children between the ages of 2 1/2 and 5 years of age. The children were…

A PRELIMINARY REPORT OF AN EFFORT TO STUDY THE EFFECTS OF FATHER'S ABSENCE (FA) AND/OR GEOGRAPHIC MOBILITY ON THE MILITARY FAMILY IS PRESENTED. CONTACT WAS ESTABLISHED WITH 65 FAMILIES WHO HAD FIVE TO EIGHT YEAR OLD SONS AND HAD ORDERS FOR AN UNACCOMPANIED FAMILY TOUR OF AT LEAST ONE YEAR'S DURATION IN A NONCOMBAT AREA. PSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS WERE…

IN AN EXPLORATORY STUDY OF LEADERSHIP BEHAVIOR AND THE DIMENSIONS OF INTERACTION BETWEEN EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATORS AND THEIR ACADEMIC WORK ENVIRONMENT, ANALYSIS WAS MADE OF MAILED QUESTIONNAIRE RESPONSE DATA FROM A RANDOMLY SELECTED SAMPLE OF 83 SECONDARY SCHOOL PRINCIPALS (83 PERCENT OF 100 SURVEYED) AND TEN TEACHERS FROM EACH RESPONDING SCHOOL.…

The relationships among tutor and pupil characteristics, tutorial processes, and learning outcomes in a peer tutorial program of spelling with sixth grade children were explored. Prior to tutoring, tutors and their pupils were tested for peer group status and liking of the tutorial partner. After twenty sessions of tutoring were completed,…

Leadership theories are reviewed, and ways that college administrators can approach leadership are suggested. After defining leadership and distinguishing it from administration and management, three different approaches to leadership are reviewed: the trait approach, the behavioral approach, and the situational approach. Some emerging views of…

Experts in education from universities and other centers of research, coming from almost 60 countries and meeting in a world congress, studied the factors underlying self realization in education. The essential points presented through the various reports are: (1) All human beings have potentialities which should be developed to an optimum degree.…

Five theoretical perspectives related to occupational choice were assessed. These were (1) Super's career development perspective, (2) Holland's typology of occupational choice, (3) status-attainment research in the field of sociology, (4) economic theory of individual willingness to work in different occupations, and (5) a model of decision…

Experiences in prenatal life and early childhood that may cause personality disorders or criminal behavior in later life are examined in these proceedings of the Subcommittee on Childhood Experiences as Causes of Criminal Behavior of the Standing Committee on Health, Welfare and Science. This issue, the tenth in a series of 19 hearings dating from…

Designed to develop over five years a model bilingual program for nursery school through grade 6, the demonstration program provided early bilingual education intervention to facilitate the simultaneous learning of two languages and thus develop the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor skills of children with limited English speaking ability from…

THE USE OF PLAY THERAPY WITH MENTALLY SUBNORMAL CHILDREN IS EXPLORED, AS IT ENABLES SUCH CHILDREN TO REALIZE THEIR POTENTIALS AND TO INTERACT MORE ADEQUATELY WITH THEIR ENVIRONMENT. A CONSIDERATION OF GENERAL AND THEORETICAL PROBLEMS AND A CONCEPTION OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF MAN'S ESSENTIAL QUALITIES ARE PRESENTED. A GENERALIZED THEORY OF PLAY…