Nigrescence is the process of becoming black, of developing a racial identity. Its stages include prechange, encounter, transition, internalization, and integrative awareness. (SK)

For years, the period of adolescence has been widely viewed as one of unpredictable, barely endurable "storm and stress." Research has not borne this out, except for a minority of adolescents. For most youth, adolescence represents a period of transitions that guide the search for self and prepare youth for their role in the adult world.…

A dynamic systems model is proposed on the basis of a general developmental mechanism adopted from the theories of J. Piaget and L. S. Vygotsky. In the model, action and experience have a distributed effect on the contents (skills, knowledge, rules, action patterns, etc.) along an abstract developmental distance dimension. (Author/SLD)

Australian professional women (n=414) identified their career stage concerns. Satisfaction with pay and job involvement was lowest in the exploration stage; in establishment stage, they were more satisfied with pay, less willing to relocate. In maintenance stage, professional commitment and career involvement increased. (SK)

Provides a preliminary description of phonological tier development in Cantonese-speaking children. Data were analyzed for word, syllable, onset-rime, skeletal, and segmental tiers. Results suggest a developmental order in acquisition of hierarchical features. (Author/VWL)

Introduces this theme issue on middle childhood and early adolescence. Notes the importance of the 9- to 14-year-old developmental period and the need for research into these years. Suggests several research areas that need to be explored. (LPP)

This article describes one counselor's exploration of her spiritual beliefs in relation to Adler's theory of counseling and human development in an effort to move toward ideological consistency and to enhance competence in addressing spiritual dimensions of clients' development. (Contains 34 references.) (GCP)

Explores the stages of development that family therapists experienced in coming to a competent sense of professional identity as family therapists. Results indicate that there were specific developmental stages experienced by participants in the process and that there was a predictable time frame during which these stages occur. (Author/GCP)

Adults aged 50-59 (n=12), 60-69 (n=28), and 70+ (n=24) completed Piaget's three mountains task, which tests ability to extrapolate another's viewpoint. Compared with younger subjects (n=13), their performance significantly decreased with age and egocentrism rose significantly. A possible explanation is perceived difficulty of the task rather than…

Adult life consists of alternating periods of stability and transition. The nature of life transitions in adulthood and their potential for learning and development are the focus of this chapter.

Most parents and educators are not as familiar or comfortable with the developmental stages that may also occur in three-dimensional work, yet no doubt a similar progression exists. Is there a scribble stage in sculpture? Do children need to master one set of skills before they are able to move on to the next? Do students have opportunity and…

The relationships between childhood exposure to violence and adolescent conduct problems were investigated in a sample of 88 primiparous adolescent mothers and their children. Regression analyses revealed that witnessing violence and victimization prior to age 10 predicted delinquency and violent behaviors, even after controlling for prenatal…

Annual survey data on 776 students from sixth through ninth grade were used to examine the relationships among after-school activities, misbehavior in school, and delinquency. The social development model hypothesizes that antisocial behavior in one developmental time period leads to less involvement in activities and interactions that have…

Across two studies, a wide age range of participants was interviewed about the nature of death. All participants were living in rural Madagascar in a community where ancestral beliefs and practices are widespread. In Study 1, children (8-17 years) and adults (19-71 years) were asked whether bodily and mental processes continue after death. The…

A multilevel modeling approach was used to investigate the influence of age composition in 70 urban preschool classrooms. A series of hierarchical linear models demonstrated that greater variance in classroom age composition was negatively related to development on the Child Observation Record (COR) Cognitive, Motor, and Social subscales. This was…