Based on a 24-year medical practice, observes that Native American societies maintained group unity and suppressed interpersonal conflict through behavioral norms: noninterference, noncompetitiveness, emotional restraint, and sharing. Understanding these child-rearing norms, along with traditional attitudes and nonformal teaching practices, is…

Responds individually to Shoenfeld's objections that Ohlsson, Ernst, and Rees' model is unclear; that the hypotheses about learning are unjustified; that the models have not been tested against extant data; and that it is unclear whom the model models. (MDH)

Discusses the use of correspondence training in the classroom to improve learning outcomes. Defines the training as an experimental behavioral strategy that takes into account the degree to which people achieve what they are aiming to do. Concludes from research involving middle school students that the subjects achieved a better work output in…

This study found that use of a dependent group evaluation system effectively decreased the group's inappropriate verbalizations and that the 9 students (ages 11-13) with disabilities had positive reactions to the system. The system involved delivering reinforcement based on an identified student's rating and congruence of the student's rating with…

A four-equation simultaneous equations model was developed to analyze whether college student effort and achievement are jointly determined. Testing with 544 undergraduate students indicated that increased student efforts in working with faculty improved their grades, but course effort and library effort had no significant effect on grade point…

This study of 33 mainstreamed students with mild disabilities in grades 3-9 found significant correlations between classroom behaviors and final grades in all areas except attendance and homework at the elementary level and written work at the junior high level. Significant differences in reading scores were found between mainstreamed and regular…

Offers practical suggestions for college faculty and administrators who encounter disruptive students, emphasizing the need for well-defined codes of student conduct and procedures for handling disruption. The article considers why some university officials hesitate to handle psychiatrically related disciplinary problems. It also examines the role…

Investigated the effects of kindergarten schedules and preschool experience on elementary school students' success. Results indicated that children who attended preschool experienced greater success in elementary school than those who did not. Childrens' participation in full-day kindergarten was positively related to their school performance…

Examines the informer-rule, found in many college and university honor systems, which considers it morally and institutionally imperative that those who offend against the honor system report themselves or be reported by others. The article questions whether individuals should report each other, asking whether it is morally and institutionally…

Examines issues related to acquaintance rape: cultural context, legal issues, adolescent attitudes and development, alcohol and sexual assault, the assailants, the victims, and the institutional response, and makes recommendations for a system that all colleges should have in place. (SM)

Sixteen students with learning disabilities in junior high special education classrooms were given instruction in science, with levels of teacher enthusiasm manipulated. Results suggest that more enthusiastic presentations resulted in significantly higher academic achievement and lower levels of off-task behavior. (Author/JDD)

The article presents several activities designed to sharpen students' listening and observation skills and help them practice finding and evaluating alternatives to classroom conflicts and conflicts they may encounter elsewhere. Activities include solution skits, role playing, reading and writing conflict stories, and making comic strips. (SM)

The article describes attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and how it affects learning, notes why whole language provides one of the best settings for students with ADHD, and discusses strategies for adapting the whole-language classroom to meet the needs of many different kinds of learners. (SM)

A discussion of sexuality and college students looks at these issues: sexual communication and self-image; sexual orientation; the "virginity burden" syndrome; communicable diseases and pregnancy; sexual abuse and rape; alcohol and sex; and condom use. Student comments are included. (MSE)

A study investigated whether medical residents' compliance with guidelines for health promotion and disease prevention improved after exposure to a revised curriculum over three years. Chart audits indicate that, although compliance increased during the first year, activities returned to baseline levels thereafter, despite continued exposure to…