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Perreault, M. J.; Plowright, C. M. S. – Learning and Motivation, 2009
The failure to discriminate between a pattern consisting of four orthogonal bars and the same pattern rotated by 45 degrees has been interpreted in the literature as evidence against pictorial representations in honeybees. This study determines whether prior training can facilitate the discrimination. In Experiment 1, one group of bumblebees was…
Descriptors: Entomology, Visual Discrimination, Prior Learning, Training
Greene, Michelle R.; Oliva, Aude – Cognitive Psychology, 2009
Human observers are able to rapidly and accurately categorize natural scenes, but the representation mediating this feat is still unknown. Here we propose a framework of rapid scene categorization that does not segment a scene into objects and instead uses a vocabulary of global, ecological properties that describe spatial and functional aspects…
Descriptors: Models, Classification, Observation, Experiments
Hoadley, Ursula; Muller, Johan – Curriculum Journal, 2016
Why has large-scale standardised testing attracted such a bad press? Why has pedagogic benefit to be derived from test results been downplayed? The paper investigates this question by first surveying the pros and cons of testing in the literature, and goes on to examine educators' responses to standardised, large-scale tests in a sample of low…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Standardized Tests, Developing Nations, Visual Discrimination
Lindsen, Job P.; de Jong, Ritske – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2010
Lien, Ruthruff, Remington, & Johnston (2005) reported residual switch cost differences between stimulus-response (S-R) pairs and proposed the partial-mapping preparation (PMP) hypothesis, which states that advance preparation will typically be limited to a subset of S-R pairs because of structural capacity limitations, to account for these…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Visual Discrimination, Reaction Time, Hypothesis Testing
Treccani, Barbara; Milanese, Nadia; Umilta, Carlo – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2010
In 4 experiments, we intermixed trials in which the stimulus color was relevant with trials where participants had to judge the stimulus shape or parity and found that the logical-recoding rule (Hedge & Marsh, 1975) applied to the relevant dimension in a task can generalize to the irrelevant dimension of the other task. The mapping…
Descriptors: Color, Experiments, Task Analysis, Universities
Annaz, Dagmara; Remington, Anna; Milne, Elizabeth; Coleman, Mike; Campbell, Ruth; Thomas, Michael S. C.; Swettenham, John – Developmental Science, 2010
Recent findings suggest that children with autism may be impaired in the perception of biological motion from moving point-light displays. Some children with autism also have abnormally high motion coherence thresholds. In the current study we tested a group of children with autism and a group of typically developing children aged 5 to 12 years of…
Descriptors: Autism, Visual Discrimination, Motion, Cognitive Processes
Quian Quiroga, Rodrigo; Kreiman, Gabriel – Psychological Review, 2010
The current authors reply to a response by Bowers on a comment by the current authors on the original article. A typical problem in any discussion about grandmother cells is that there is not a general consensus about what should be called as such. Here, we discuss possible interpretations in turn and contrast them with what we find in our own…
Descriptors: Models, Brain, Psychological Studies, Cognitive Psychology
Grinter, Emma J.; Maybery, Murray T.; Pellicano, Elizabeth; Badcock, Johanna C.; Badcock, David R. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2010
Background: Several researchers have found evidence for impaired global processing in the dorsal visual stream in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). However, support for a similar pattern of visual processing in the ventral visual stream is less consistent. Critical to resolving the inconsistency is the assessment of local and…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Visual Perception, Geometric Concepts
Ziegler, Johannes C.; Pech-Georgel, Catherine; Dufau, Stephane; Grainger, Jonathan – Developmental Science, 2010
Visual-attentional theories of dyslexia predict deficits for dyslexic children not only for the perception of letter strings but also for non-alphanumeric symbol strings. This prediction was tested in a two-alternative forced-choice paradigm with letters, digits, and symbols. Children with dyslexia showed significant deficits for letter and digit…
Descriptors: Dyslexia, Phonological Awareness, Decoding (Reading), Phoneme Grapheme Correspondence
Northway, Nadia; Manahilov, Velitchko; Simpson, William – Journal of Research in Reading, 2010
Previous studies of visually symptomatic dyslexics have found that their contrast thresholds for pattern discrimination are the same as non-dyslexics. However, when noise is added to the stimuli, contrast thresholds rise markedly in dyslexics compared with non-dyslexics. This result could be due to impaired noise exclusion in dyslexics. Some…
Descriptors: Reading Rate, Dyslexia, Symptoms (Individual Disorders), Visual Perception
Franklin, Anna; Sowden, Paul; Notman, Leslie; Gonzalez-Dixon, Melissa; West, Dorotea; Alexander, Iona; Loveday, Stephen; White, Alex – Developmental Science, 2010
Atypical perception in Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is well documented (Dakin & Frith, 2005). However, relatively little is known about colour perception in ASD. Less accurate performance on certain colour tasks has led some to argue that chromatic discrimination is reduced in ASD relative to typical development (Franklin, Sowden, Burley,…
Descriptors: Autism, Test Norms, Cognitive Ability, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Gligorovic, Milica; Vucinic, Vesna; Eskirovic, Branka; Jablan, Branka – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2011
This research was conducted in order to examine the influence of manifest strabismus and stereoscopic vision on non-verbal abilities of visually impaired children aged between 7 and 15. The sample included 55 visually impaired children from the 1st to the 6th grade of elementary schools for visually impaired children in Belgrade. RANDOT stereotest…
Descriptors: Vision, Nonverbal Ability, Visual Impairments, Children
Hopkins, Ingrid Maria; Gower, Michael W.; Perez, Trista A.; Smith, Dana S.; Amthor, Franklin R.; Wimsatt, F. Casey; Biasini, Fred J. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2011
This study assessed the efficacy of "FaceSay," a computer-based social skills training program for children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). This randomized controlled study (N = 49) indicates that providing children with low-functioning autism (LFA) and high functioning autism (HFA) opportunities to practice attending to eye gaze,…
Descriptors: Intervention, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Social Development
Grossmann, Tobias; Gliga, Teodora; Johnson, Mark H.; Mareschal, Denis – Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 2009
We measured looking times and ERPs to examine the cognitive and brain bases of perceptual category learning in 6-month-old infants. In Experiment 1, we showed that categorization and exemplar discrimination rely on different cortical processes. Specifically, the repetition of individual exemplars resulted in differential cortical processing at…
Descriptors: Infants, Classification, Perception, Neurological Organization
Bowers, Jeffrey – Psychological Review, 2010
The author briefly responds to a number of terminological, theoretical, and empirical issues raised in some postscripts. The goal is not to respond to each outstanding point but rather to address some comments that in his view confuse rather than clarify matters. He responds to Plaut and McClelland and Quian Quiroga and Kreiman in turn.
Descriptors: Classification, Definitions, Models, Brain