The assumptions of two social cognition models, the Theory of Planned Behavior (Ajzen, 1991) and the Health Belief Model (Rosenstock, 1974) are examined in 2 samples of Turkish university students: sexually active and sexually inactive. For sexually inactive participants, perceived benefits of condom use and self-efficacy beliefs regarding condom…

This study examined member behaviors, distribution of performed behaviors, and development-shaping forces in order to identify group development patterns of virtual learning teams. Participants of this study were 7 newly formed virtual learning teams working on a final group project in a 12-week online graduate-level course. Examining the group…

This analysis is about the role of poverty in school reform. Data from a number of sources are used to make five points. First, that poverty in the United States is greater and of longer duration than in other rich nations. Second, that poverty, particularly among urban minorities, is associated with academic performance that is well below…

This article reports on a study that investigated the dual characteristics of willingness to communicate (WTC) in a second language (L2): trait-like WTC and situational WTC. By adopting methods of classroom observation, participant interviews and questionnaires, consistency between L2 learners' self-report WTC and their actual WTC behavior in an…

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a self-monitoring procedure to increase classroom preparedness skills of four sixth grade students with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The study used a multiple-baseline across participants design to evaluate the effectiveness of this intervention. The baseline,…

Introduction: The distinction between mastery and performance goals has been the dominant theoretical approach to goal orientation study for the past three decades. Recent investigations have begun to provide evidence that further distinctions are necessary. It has also been implied that students' beliefs about the nature of intelligence play a…

Every two hours and 15 minutes, a person under the age of 25 completes a suicide. Since suicide is one of the leading causes of death for young people between the ages of 15 and 19, it is hard to imagine a high school teacher who has not been touched by this epidemic. The issue is of such national significance that in September 2004, more than 350…

Direct observation in natural settings has been recognized for nearly a century as an important methodology to capture the nuances of children's behavior for research, clinical assessment, and program evaluation. These ecologically valid descriptive data complement more widely used behavior rating scales to evaluate the impact of intervention…

Post-Soviet young people are said to be "scornful of ordinary, diligent labor, greedy for easy wealth, and massively antipatriotic." Social scientist A. S. Panarin observes that the demoralization and disorientation of the younger generation are not subject to doubt. Proceeding on the assumption that having a trusting and frank dialogue…

Conscientious teachers have more influence on parents than many assume. In this article, the author counsels a teacher on how to handle and help a student with a behavior problem that seems to stem from the child's home life. She presents a model for a parent/teacher conference. She also discusses another facet of the child's behavior problem and…

A multiple probe design was employed for this study to assess the effectiveness of the "Corrective Reading" program (Engelmann et al., 1999) on students' reading fluency and behavior during reading-related instruction. Direct observations assessed the effect on students' behavior in both general and special education classrooms. Reading fluency…

Much of the research investigating pupils' attitudes towards school has been qualitatively-oriented. This analysis explores the extent to which some of the differences between pupils can be rendered in quantitative terms. Drawing upon a survey of 1310 pupils in 21 primary schools, its main concern is to explore the extent to which there is a…

The goal of the study described in this paper was to examine the role of possible selves in perceptions of competence and in self-regulation. The study investigated whether possible selves, or individuals' perception of what they might be like in the future, exert their influence on self-efficacy and self relation via the dimensions associated…

This book describes survey data and an intervention program conducted in Sweden and Norway as part of a government-led nationwide campaign against bullying. The survey data support some conventional wisdom about bullying, but also destroy many longheld myths about bullies and victims. The goals of the intervention program were to: (1) reduce or…

This study investigates factors influencing participation of Afro-American female adolescents in sports. Following a review of the literature, two topics are addressed. The first of these, "Behavior in Sport," discusses benefits of sports to youth; stereotypes of Afro-American female sports participants; behaviors of female athletes; and…