A two-tiered model of group influences on individual choice behavior is developed and evidence relevant to the model is reviewed in this paper. The model consists of two parts: a model of individual choice, and models of group influence on components of the individual choice model. The model of individual choice is based on the…

This study compares the face-to-face interaction of infants with fathers to their interaction with mothers and with strangers. Five infants were videotaped in individual interaction with their mothers, fathers, and unfamiliar adults at weekly intervals from the second week until the infants were 6 months old. Infants were seated in a laboratory…

Advocate Counseling is a method of psychotherapy which seeks to improve an individual's relationship and ability to cope with institutions in the larger society. The purpose of this paper is to place Advocate Counseling in an operational perspective. Presented are: (1) the behavioral analysis of Advocate Counseling; (2) a flow chart of the…

The purpose of this paper was to explore the age-segregation of U.S. children in two situations--children's spontaneous groups and adult-organized activities--and to examine the developmental changes in children's companionship between infancy and adolescence. The companionship of 400 urban children ranging in age from 1 to 12 years was determined…

A CATEGORY SYSTEM FOR SYSTEMATIC OBSERVATION OF HIGH SCHOOL BIOLOGY LABORATORY AND LECTURE-DISCUSSION-RECITATION CLASSES WAS DEVELOPED AND USED TO QUANTIFY, ANALYZE, AND DESCRIBE OBSERVED CLASSROOM BEHAVIOR. THE CATEGORY SYSTEM WAS DEVELOPED BY OBSERVING EIGHT HIGH SCHOOL BIOLOGY TEACHERS ONCE EACH MONTH FOR FOUR SUCCESSIVE MONTHS. THE OBSERVER…

FOURTEEN FOREIGN LANGUAGE STUDENT TEACHERS WERE TAUGHT THE FLANDERS SYSTEM OF INTERACTION ANALYSIS, ADDING A BEHAVIORAL-SCIENCE DIMENSION TO THEIR CUSTOMARY STUDY OF NEW METHODS OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING. PRE- AND POST-TESTS WERE ADMINISTERED AFTER 8 WEEKS, COVERING (1) PUPIL ATTITUDES TOWARD THE FOREIGN LANGUAGE, FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHER, AND…

A TRANSCRIPTION WAS MADE OF A GROUP DISCUSSION DEALING WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF RATING SCALES AND THE TECHNIQUES OF FILM RATING AND OF USE OF THE EQUIPMENT. THE AMIDON-FLANDERS INTERACTION ANALYSIS SCALE WAS USED AS THE BASIS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE FILM ANALYSIS OF INTERACTION RECORD (FAIR). DISCUSSIONS DEALT WITH SUCH PROBLEMS OF FILM RATING…

A major problem in the study of marital interaction has been the lack of attention to contextual determinants of differences within couples' behavioral exchanges. To compare spouses' control behaviors in overt and ongoing communication as a function of both conflict and intimacy situational contexts, and to analyze the influence of spouse's role,…

This paper is an account of the theoretical and practical underpinnings of the Decision-Proposal Modification Coding System (DPM), which allows researchers to study more accurately the many aspects of group decision making in organizations. Following an introduction that reviews and supports arguments for process-oriented research on decision…

A study was conducted to examine patterns of information processing over time in self-analytic groups. Communication patterns in two 25-member groups of college students that met for 32 50-minute sessions were categorized by means of the Systems Information Processing Analysis (SIPA) category system. Messages were coded on four dimensions of…

In training facilitators for laboratory groups, also known as T-groups or encounter groups, the majority of group facilitators and therapists advocate an experiential apprenticeship in an ongoing group. However, the actions of an inexperienced facilitator trainee may have a negative effect upon the members of the group. The author experimented…

Personal dispositional variables conflicting with social pressure and the resulting behavior, which follows a cusp catastrophe, were investigated. Female undergraduates (N=200) completed a set of attitude questionnaires using a Crutchfield console. Results indicate that: (1) when social pressure is low, behavior is a smooth, monotonic function of…

To examine the effects of the contextual variables of relationship intimacy and time on communication satisfaction, a study was undertaken involving 252 college freshmen. The subjects participated in one of two treatments. In the first, they were randomly paired and participated in social conversation for 15 minutes. Following the conversation,…

Providing a systematic investigation of the dimensional nature of relationships, this paper focuses primarily upon the control dimension of interpersonal relationships. After establishing a conceptual foundation of the control dimension, the paper next enumerates the verbal and nonverbal indicants of control in regard to their manipulative…

Classroom process data indicate that teacher praise cannot be equated with reinforcement. Often it is not even intended as reinforcement, and when it is, it frequently has some other function. The meanings and functions of behaviors typically included under the category of teacher praise are determined by the degree of congruence between verbal…