Maintains that, because elementary students and teachers are together all day for an entire school year, the opportunity to teach social justice and democratic values is great. Contends that the transmission model of social studies must be discarded in favor of a transformational model. (CFR)

Two studies analyzed structure and content of teachers' theories of intelligence, noting relationships between theories and educational goals. Teachers provided lists of behaviors characterizing intelligent persons. Other teachers rated characteristics and educational goals using those behaviors. Teachers based intelligence on conceptual thinking…

The article describes one school's attempts to develop a multimedia module designed to help preservice teachers in education courses become more sensitive to their students' ethnic and cultural differences, focusing on differences in the attitudes of members of various ethnic groups toward elementary students' misbehavior. (SM)

Study investigated a preservice physical educator's methods of improving his monitoring skills during gymnastics to improve students' on-task behavior. He had to make decisions about data collection and design future lessons using the data. Results indicated he improved his positioning skills, but at the price of neglecting other pedagogical…

Examines college substance abuse prevention and intervention programs in the framework of the elaboration likelihood model. Discusses the role of persuasion and recommends careful analysis of the relevance, construction, and delivery of messages about substance use and subsequent program evaluation. Recommendations for increasing program…

If teachers of students with behavior disorders are to be more effective, there must be several changes in preservice education. Teachers need training in one predominant theoretical philosophy, in remediation of academic deficits, in competent use of behavior management skills, and in writing individualized education programs. (SM)

Explores language and interaction behaviors of Quechua children that point to the possibility of a stress reaction on their part. Behaviors of Quechua children in two schools, one with and one without a bilingual program, are discussed. Interaction is discussed in terms of underparticipation, overparticipation, and hostile participation. (15…

Social-cognitive, cognitive-motivational, and situational factors influencing children's effectiveness in using adults and other children as learning resources (help-seeking) are considered. Effective help-seeking can meet the dual developmental needs of minority students, specifically African-Americans, for autonomy and social support. (SLD)

Data from the National Assessment of Educational Progress indicate that school characteristics as well as individual actions of students help to explain differences between 661 high-achieving and 1,894 low-achieving African-American eighth graders. Process variables connected with schooling rather than family background explain differences in…

Studies the prevalence of self-reported drug use behavior related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the effects of school-based HIV instruction and HIV knowledge on these behaviors in a probability sample of 8,098 high school students. HIV knowledge and instruction may help sustain low drug use. (SLD)

Presents results of study of British elementary school boys aged seven to nine, comparing disruptive behavior to heart rate. Distinguishes this study from earlier ones that found relationship between low base heart rates and low reactivity to mild stress among high school boys. Reports that this study disproves prediction that results would be…

Reviews questions to consider when providing academic advising in two-year colleges, addressing student academic requirements, transfer and degree interests, certainty of plans, time, financial resources, and parental or other external pressures. Discusses advisement strategies, including goal setting, decision-making techniques, and group…

Discusses a survey of nonreturning students at Cuyamaca College (California), distinguishing between positive attrition (successful nonreturners) and negative attrition (unsuccessful nonreturners). Compares two groups in terms of goals, employment, satisfaction with college, high school performance, gender, and ethnicity. Recommends…

Examined effects of ethnic background on group interaction and student-teacher relations by observing 273 Turkish, Surinam, and Dutch 4-year olds and their teachers in 29 Dutch schools. Found Turkish and Surinam pupils were less involved in group activities than Dutch children and, in play situations, teachers appeared to give more attention to…

Argues that social studies teacher educators verbally promote the concept of social studies as education for democratic citizenship but do not practice democracy in their classrooms. Contends that social studies teacher education programs should be considered as an apprenticeship in democracy. Acknowledges that this approach is not easy to…