This study aims to determine whether trait categories are generally perceived as more applicable to others than to self. Subjects described themselves and two acquaintances on trait checklists, indicating not only placement on trait continuum but also perceived consistency of trait-related behavior. Positive, negative, and neutral traits were…

Super's self concept theory of vocational development has been criticized for its lack of attention to individual difference variables, particularly with regard to explaining why appropriate vocational behaviours are attained more readily by some individuals than by others. Partial explanation is provided here for the relationshp between locus of…

The major purpose of the present study was to examine empirically the independent and interactive effects of the situational event of retirement and cumulative influences attributed to the impact of satisfaction with noted life events upon locus of control (LOC). Ss included males over 55 years who had participated in a national survey. Variables…

This study investigates five models of psychopolitical orientations of black and white youth: (1) perceptions of life satisfaction; (2) perceptions of self-competence; (3) perceptions of sociopolitical reality; (4) feelings of political alienation; and (5) attitudes of political violence justification. Subjects were 970 St. Louis inner-city high…

This experiment was primarily designed to investigate the preferred reinforcement patterns of urban Anglo-Americans, urban Mexican-Americans, and rural Mexicans. Subjects were 48 mother-child pairs, equally divided by culture and child's sex. (Author/CS)

Results indicate that students possessing an external locus of control contracted for and ultimately earned lower grades, began working more slowly, reported more state anxiety during oral assessments, and performed more poorly on a written final examination than their more internally oriented peers. (Author)

Research on the locus of control variable in recent years has been quite extensive; however, cross-cultural studies have been rather sparse in this area. Differences among adults from the United States (N=194) and India (N=376) on the locus of control variable as measured by Rotter's Internal-External scale were studied. Each sample included equal…

Research has suggested that race and sex are strongly associated with the "imposter phenomenon" (I-P), a secret, intense, subjective self-perception of phoniness experienced by many high achievers. Sex, race, and perceived atypicality were examined in relation to the imposter phenomenon for 30 persons with adequate achievement in career…

This study investigated the effect of cognitive style on continuing education of scientists and engineers and the interaction of cognitive style with motivation for and inhibition of continuing education. The Group Embedded Figures Test for field dependence/independence, Adult Nowicki-Strickland Internal-External Scale for locus of control, and a…

A study of why disproportionate numbers of male and black high school students are suspended or expelled examines student and school characteristics and teacher attitudes. This document reports results on student characteristics. In eleven high schools in two large, urban, midwestern school districts, researchers used interviews, student records,…

Self-evaluation is thought to play a major role in personality and motivation. Preliminary experience with success or failure, levels of aspiration, attributions for performance, and locus of control may all be interrelated factors in human motivation. After receiving success, failure, or no feedback on a concept formation task, subjects (N=90)…

This paper argues that the information processing model provides a promising basis on which to build a comprehensive theory of instruction. Characteristics of the major information processing constructs are outlined including attention, encoding and rehearsal, working memory, long term memory, retrieval, and metacognitive processes, and a unifying…

The study examined learned helplessness in approximately 200 elementary aged learning disabled (LD) students and the effectiveness of classroom based attribution training and coping skills training for these children. Ss received one half hour training 3 days a week for 5 weeks in a program which used techniques of modeling, direct instruction,…

Attribution theory suggests that attributional styles may contribute to the motivational and performance deficits frequently observed in depressed and lonely populations. An Attributional Style Assessment Test (ASAT) was created and administered to college students, along with the Beck Depression Inventory and the UCLA Loneliness Scale.…