Surveyed the preferences of 66 Black, White, and Mexican-American college students for directive and nondirective counseling analogs to determine the impact of culture and social class in counseling. Results showed Blacks generally scored the two methods exactly opposite their White and Mexican-American counterparts. (JAC)

Given a consistent interaction of student locus of attribution and mode of teacher response, the study sought to determine whether attribution levels could be changed for 69 elementary grade learning disabled students and poor readers. The results indicate that difficulty is encountered in trying to change students' attributions, (Author/SEW)

Argues that behaviorism and humanism are incompatible, and any attempt to blend them is to deny the intellectual or practical existence of humanism as a theory of behavior. Humanistic theory must be recognized and application models must be designed and tested in school, childrearing, personal relations and leadership theory. (JAC)

Describes a program for training people to apply generic problem-solving techniques to personal problems. Male student volunteers (N=64) were assigned to a training group or no-training control group. The training group achieved a higher standard in their bachelor's degrees and developed an increased belief in internal control. (Author/JAC)

Compared the school behavior of 15 epileptic children with that of diabetic and healthy children. The epileptic children were more likely to attribute the success or failure of their school performance to unknown sources of control, and to hold less positive feelings about school and their own self-worth. (Author)

Proposed the degree of social discomfort to be indicative of an individual's perceived locus of control and level of self-esteem. Students completed questionnaires for Social Avoidance and Distress (SAD). Found high SAD subjects had significantly greater external locus of control and lower self-esteem than moderate or low SAD subjects. (Author)

Reviews research on the effects of repeated experiences of helplessness and on locus of control. Identifies conditions necessary for overcoming learned helplessness; i.e., the potential for learning to occur; consistent reinforcement; relevant, valued reinforcers; and favorable psychological situation. Recommends eight ways for teachers to…

Investigated student characteristics in relation to affective and cognitive aspects of adolescent career development. Questionnaire results indicated three styles of career development: intellective or deliberative; concerned and personally involved with high or low aspirations; and uncertain or confused. Suggests motives and strategies that might…

Compared the social cognitive styles of abused children with a control sample and found differences in perceived locus of control of social events and social role comprehensions. Similar trends emerged in perspective-taking skills and social sensitivity. Suggests these differences could not be attributed to IQ or class disparities. (Author)

The relationship between locus of control and three dimensions of discovery learning was investigated. Mathematics students were assigned to treatments differing in level of guidance, inductive or deductive sequencing, or use of small groups. Aptitude-treatment interaction occurred between locus of control and small-group instruction. (Author/GK)

Within the context of the social history of the Chinese American elderly in the United States, the author analyzes the psychological and cultural patterns of learned helplessness among this minority group. (EF)

Assessed reliability and validity for an instrument designed to assess depressiform cognitions. The results suggest that the scale is promising, however, a strong sex effect was noted in some of the characteristics of attribution. Suggests the need to evaluate sexual-cultural differences in attributional processes associated with depression.…

Recently admitted nursing home residents received a battery of psychological tests and were rated on a number of behavioral indices. Results revealed the morale/anxiety dimension was independent of cognitive competency, internally controlled residents were rated high by others in behavioral competency, and self-rating scales measure something…

Study of 91 White females in a southern metropolitan area tested relationship between locus of control and self-esteem and traditional/nontraditional behavior. Indicated women tending toward internality and high self-esteem exhibit nontraditional behaviors, and contrary to expectation, women tending toward externality and low self-esteem were also…

Studied student, school, and staff characteristics to determine factors related to the disproportionate numbers of male and Black students suspended or expelled from school. School practices and conditions said to mediate the problem are identified. (Author/MW)