The importance of effective communication compels investigators to seek new ways of measuring physiological responses and to practice the science of psychophysiology. The main objective of psychophysiological research is to describe the systems in organisms which transfer information between the subsystems of soma and psyche. Results should lead…

Three nonprofessionals, including those with limited education and advanced age, received training to become effective behavior modification agents (therapists). Each was then individually observed and videotaped in his work with a retarded child. Therapists' performances were not adequate for effecting the desired changes in the childrens'…

The purpose of this study was to attempt to determine if score gains obtained upon repeated testing with an intelligence test result from a practice effect, from students remembering specific items, or from a combination of both. The verbal and nonverbal batteries of an I.Q. test were administered to 860 sixth graders on three occasions with…

Presented are 12 programed instruction exercises in writing letters of the alphabet, spelling words, addition, numeral-number association, subtraction, color words chart, answering basic questions about stories, sentences, paragraphs, and paragraph titles for elementary school children who demonstrate a learning disability and/or behavior problem.…

This paper provides some practical as well as theoretical uses of group desensitization. It is hoped that the reader will gain some knowledge as to how to apply this technique in a variety of situations as well as with a number of variations. Although some problems of application have been mentioned, the authors intend that the therapist feel a…

The annotated bibliography on Severely and Multiply Handicapped--Program Descriptions/Operant Conditioning contains approximately 140 abstracts and associated indexing information for documents or journal articles published from 1967 to 1975 and selected from the computer files of the Council for Exceptional Children's Information Services and the…

The effects of withdrawal of food, withdrawal of attention, and the simultaneous withdrawal of food and attention on the rate of self-injurious behavior of three profoundly retarded girls (10-18 years old) during mealtime were investigated. (Author)

Research on overcorrection (for use with the mentally handicapped, schizophrenic, and autistic) is reviewed, and two types of overcorrection, restitutional and positive-practice, are described. (BD)

Examined are the implications of independent ambulation for severely retarded children and reviewed is the literature describing behavioral interventions which facilitate walking. (Author)

The study investigated the relationship between topographically different child behaviors (compliance and inappropriate activities) in four mentally retarded subjects (aged 3-5) by using a methodology that tests for response covariation. Regardless of the intervention used, the behavior targeted, or the direction manipulated, the nontargeted…

The study assessed the efficacy of time delay and peer modeling procedures in increasing spontaneous verbalizations of affection in four autistic children (ages 6-8). Results indicated that the time delay was a quick and effective procedure for all subjects. Peer modeling was unsuccessful in teaching the target behavior. (Author)

Modification by students of the regular classroom teacher's discriminatory behavior was tested with 24 emotionally disturbed children, 11-16-years-old, who were recently transferred from special education classes. (IM)

B.F. Skinner applied his concept of operant conditioning to education. Skinner believed that people acted the way they did because they had been reinforced for behaving in a certain manner. His orientation to pedagogy was predicated upon the notion that a student's behavior could be modified by guiding the student through the learning process…

This ten classroom-hour instructional model combines skill, cognitive and affective experiences in dental health. An integration of the skills and cognitions with affective reactions promotes positive feelings and improved values regarding dental health. Motivation principles and feedback systems give the students and the instructor incentive and…