According to the literature, high professional self-esteem among teachers is associated with efficacy. The first in a projected series of longitudinal studies was undertaken to investigate the relationship between preservice teachers' self-concept and their sense of efficacy. The subjects of the study were 220 elementary and secondary preservice…

This curriculum guide is a systematic instructional strategy designed to enhance the intrinsic motivation of learning disabled adolescents. The complete strategy encompasses three major phases. Phase P (Preparing for Challenges) describes steps in preparing the classroom environment and presenting program goals to students. Phase A (Attacking…

One hundred and five English undergraduate college students at two colleges in England completed the Holland Vocational Preference Inventory (VPI), the Barron Ego Strength Scale, the Adult Nowicki-Strickland Internal-External Control Scale, and the Occupational Values Q Sort. Congruent students were identified by matching their reading (major)…

Questionnaires were administered to 361 participants of a standard 26-day Australian Outward Bound Program to examine systematic change and stabiltiy in multiple dimensions of self-concept, to test hypothesized effects of Outward Bound participation on self-concept, and to explore methodological issues in such studies. The participants (aged…

Three hypotheses were tested regarding the attribution of causation for successful behavior by kindergarten children: (1) self concept--children with high self esteem make internal attributions and those with low self esteem make external attributions; (2) locus of control (LOC)--children with internal LOC make internal attributions and those with…

Typical learned helplessness research has involved the presentation of non-contingent, aversive events followed by measures of performance on subsequent tasks; recent investigations have focused on the effect of non-contingent rewards. To examine the effects of non-contingent rewards on children, two studies were conducted, in which children were…

The influences of students' (N=152) academic, affective, and personal attributes on their success in student teaching (as measured by university supervisors' ratings) were examined in this study. It was found that the following student attributes were related to their student teaching performance: (1) their total university and their education…

A study investigated the interactions between leadership style and the personality variable locus of control on vocational teacher job satisfaction. It used a 2x2x2 factorial design to explore three independent variables: (1) the consideration dimension of leader behavior; (2) the initiating structure dimension of leader behavior; and (3) locus of…

This paper examines critical issues for states and advocacy groups in trying to develop short-term goals to address mental health needs of refugees and to plan long-term strategies for state and county service systems for this population. The paper begins with a discussion of the following issues: (1) centralized versus decentralized state mental…

The Youth Leadership Program (YLP) has been in operation in schools throughout Albuquerque and the State of New Mexico for four years. Students selected for the program represented two groups: high risk, or negative, leaders; and positive leaders. The program established situations in which pupils from both groups could work together in individual…

In the 1982-1983 school year, the Public Education Association, an educational advocacy organization in New York City, undertook an action research project on young adolescents' stress in school. The project was located in one inner-city intermediate school for 4 years and is now following graduates of that school in the city's high schools. As…

This study examined whether pupils' causal attribution tendencies could be influenced by teachers' attributions of their performance. In addition, the relationship between pupils' causal attributions and their school anxiety was studied. Based on Weiner's (1979) taxonomy of attributions that distinguishes between external versus internal and…

The concept of an individual's perception of control was applied to the classroom performance of university students. The initial approach was to use a laboratory simulation of a university classroom to explore the following: (1) whether it is possible to induce feelings of helplessness in a university classroom; (2) effects that feelings of…

The assumptions individuals make about their personal behaviors have received extensive attention, particularly the concepts of locus of control and self-efficacy. An additional concept, change orientation, refers to assumptions about how to change personal behavior. Approximately 180 subjects ranging from college freshmen to graduate students…

Social science perspectives on black maternal childrearing practices have traditionally ignored the cultural-historical, socio-political, and economic realities. Interviews were conducted with 62 black mothers to study their perceptions of racism and its effects on their childrearing practices. Results indicated that educational status alone did…