Client expectancy of powerlessness can lead to actual powerlessness. Once counselors recognize that personal power is healthy and beneficial, they have to begin to structure institutions and agencies to encourage the development of personal power. (Author)

Eighty subjects in grades 5, 7, 9, and 12 spontaneously nominated peers as the most acceptable reference group for social judgment; adults outside the family as a reference group for informational judgment; and parents as the best referent for moral judgment. (Author/CP)

Utilizes ATI methods to study relationships between locus of control and preservice science education achievement in science content and science process under high- and low-structured instructional treatments. Findings show that, overall, a high-structure condition was most effective but that internal students achieved more in a low-structured…

Considers the influence of noncognitive or affective factors (those which govern a person's feelings) on student learning and achievement. Reviews studies focusing on anxiety, locus of control, student age differences, and instructional style. (MB)

A model of psychological treatment increasing internality and regaining control over stressful environments was tested among college students. The two experiments assessed: (1) the locus of control regarding recent events and individual characteristics; and (2) the locus of control and manifest anxiety at pretreatment and posttreatment. Results…

Relates findings from a review of the literature on six academic motivational constructs studied in traditional environments to online education concepts. Examines self-efficacy, locus of control, attributions, goal orientation, intrinsic versus extrinsic motivation, and self-regulation to identify methods for ensuring student success in online…

Gifted students' perceptions of an internal or external locus of control (LOC) and the effect on their behavior is discussed. Research is reviewed that shows that gifted students who are proficient academically or in other areas believe they have an internal locus of control, while underachieving gifted students perceive an external LOC. (CR)

This article demonstrates how to improve students' learning motivation by means of an attributional dialogue between teachers and students. Students are asked to describe events and to explain to what they attributed success or failure. Dialogue pages of a typically achieving learner and a student with learning disabilities are provided. (Contains…

Describes study conducted at the University of Toronto that assessed the attitudes of student teachers toward computers by using a multicomponent model, the Computer Attitude Measure (CAM). Cognitive, affective, and behavioral attitudes are examined, and correlations of computer literacy, experience, and internal locus of control are discussed.…

Two studies of nursery school children examined the relationship between friendships and sociometric judgments of social status. (Author/BB)

Describes results of providing a brief Male Responsibility Training Program to 21 urban, delinquent African American males (ages 15-18). Reports on changes in locus of control and self-esteem, sexual responsibility and safe sex behavior, and attitudes and emotional reactions toward condom use. Primary recommendation is for more systematic…

Identifies predictors of symptomatic distress in emergency services personnel exposed to traumatic critical instances. Evaluated predictors included exposure, social support, and psychological traits. Replicated analyses showed that levels of symptomatic distress were positively related to the degree of exposure to the critical incident. Level of…

This paper investigated the relationship between (1) perceived responsibility for intellectual achievement, and (2) objective tests measuring convergent and divergent thinking and subjective teacher ratings and classmates' nominations, in 1,033 gifted children (age 9). The results indicate that internal control is a mediating variable in the…

The question of whether special education students exhibit more learned helpless behavior and a more external locus of control than regular students is examined. The effects of these psychological conditions on school success are considered, and programs for alleviating learned helplessness and establishing a more internal locus of control are…

Computed separate meta-analyses for 11 acculturation and adjustment classes: extroversion, self-esteem, locus of control, career, addiction, affective disorders, field independence, family conflict, anxiety/stress, intelligence, and psychosocial/health. Situation-specific associations were interpreted by integrating several models. Contains…