The study involving 100 police officers, 75 lawyers, and 35 judges was designed to investigate and analyze the criminal justice system (CJS) personnel's understanding of mental retardation and the mentally retarded (MR) offender. Among findings obtained from responses to questionnaires were the following: 65% of the respondents indicated they…

The paper reports on a study aimed at developing: (1) a compendium of environmental sensing skills and behaviors, (2) a set of selection procedures and performance trials for matching blind candidates with electronic travel aids, (3) a standard evaluation of pre- and post-training performance, and (4) training guidelines. The materials are noted…

This study considers how adolescent development is related to teenage fertility. Findings from two studies indicate that in some ways teenagers as a group differ from older individuals. The paper details some of the ways in which sexual experiences are influenced by social and emotional maturity and outlines some of the problems which result from…

The Toronto Transit Commission employees were on strike for 23 days, producing a total shut-down of all public transportation and a resulting increase in the number of hitch-hiking females. The strike provided a novel and unique opportunity to empirically examine two theories of sexual assault and to evaluate the effects of hitch-hiking upon…

This study explored the extent of negative attitudes toward success among housewives by means of objective and projective tests. Since married women with families constitute the majority of women over 25, the authors found it important to determine how prevalent negative attitudes toward personal achievement in women were among them. Fifty-three…

This book is the annual report of the Foundation for Educational Research (Stichting Voor Onderzoek Van Het Onderwijs--SVO) of the Netherlands. Chapter 1 is an introduction which explains SVO's part in educational research, while chapter 2 discusses the general affairs of the SVO. In chapter 3 SVO activities are described. They include (1) project…

This research, although conducted in 1967, investigates whether speech characteristics of an individual have an influence on others' perceptions of how effective the person would be as either a school counselor or a school speech therapist. The research stemmed from assumptions that (1) speech characteristics of the counselor or therapist may well…

In 1974, the Education Commission of the States (ECS) began to develop an innovative program to involve the total education system in seeking solutions to one of society's oldest problems--alcoholism. This report reviews the first year's activities of the task force, presents preliminary findings and outlines goals for the coming year. To provide…

The purpose of this study is to clarify further the relationships among creative, cognitive, and affective production of students. Thirteen pairs of twins, eight monozygotic (MZ), five dyzygotic (DZ), were administered the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking, MMPI, and Revised Beta Examination. The F ratio for testing significance of within-set…

This paper reviews the various experimental and survey strategies employed to assess the relative importance of different job characteristics in determining job satisfaction, and analyzes the problems involved with the different approaches. The paper then describes the development of an empirically derived explanatory model of job satisfaction,…

In recent years the Army has been concerned about the widespread use of psychoactive drugs by all classes of young people and the effects of this use on the Army. In order to curb this use among soldiers the Army initiated a comprehensive program to prevent and control the abuse of alcohol and drugs. Prevention was considered to include education,…

Because of the duration and magnitude of this overall project, maintaining inter-rater reliability presented several problems. Since the study was designed to compare teacher behavior across a three-year time span, it was necessary to maintain reliability across that time period. The use of student raters posed additional problems of mobility and…

The current study was an examination of the effect of personality variables on the relationship between attitude disagreement and attraction. Attraction was measured in a neutral situation, designed to maximize any existing affective predispositions toward attitude agreement-disagreements. Subjects were placed in an ambiguous face-to-face…

In order to discover the effects of success and failure on subsequent aggressiveness, 26 male and 55 female college students were randomly assigned to success, failure, and neutral conditions. Those in the success condition were led to feel they were superior to other college students on a task, those in the failure condition were led to feel they…

Three experimental psychological tests were investigated to determine if they added significantly to the prediction of eight drug abuse criteria when combined with a basic predictor set consisting of background variables only. Of the four tests investigated, only one, the Life Values Questionnaire appeared to add any significant unique variance to…