Significant differences were found between younger and older children on most neuropsychological tests. Girls were found to be superior to boys in verbal reasoning, language skills, and serial perceptual matching skills, whereas boys were superior on tests of spatial memory and motor skills. (Author)

Results showed few social, economic, or psychological consequences as a result of childlessness. Changes in the life situations of childless adults would appear to leave this group with limited alternatives. The findings provide evidence of the need to strengthen the informal helping networks of older adults. (Author)

The construct of occupational maturity can be extended to create a concept of readiness to retire--retirement maturity. Two significant factors affecting retirement maturity are retirement work plans and retirement residence plans. The Career Development Inventory, Adult seems to be a valuable tool for preretirement counselors. (Author)

The laterality preference patterns and types of oral reading errors were examined for seventh-grade males. Results support the initial argument that difference-poor readers fail to comprehend because of problems in organizing visual input, which seems intimately tied to a bilateralization of functions. (Author)

Longitudinal observations of maternal and infant characteristics were used to investigate the consequences of early day care intervention for infants at high risk for intellectual retardation due to sociocultural factors. (JMB)

Provides an overview of the development of the Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS), the nature of the instrument and conditions for its proper administration, and issues underlying the use of the NBAS in research (e.g., reliability). The first in a series of articles in a single monograph assessing the NBAS. (BH)

Reviews issues of reliability (especially test-retest reliability) in newborn assessment, discusses predictive models based on newborn assessment, and presents information on modifications of the Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale which may help in pursuing fruitful questions involving prediction of development. (Author/BH)

Discusses the role and limitations of the Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale in the continuing effort to construct an adequate account of infant development. (BH)

The value of the Structure of Intellect Learning Abilities Test for identifying gifted children and predicting teacher perception of them was investigated with 138 intermediate grade students. (DLS)

The major purpose of the present investigation was to compare the validity of a work sample test and an intelligence test for the prediction of trainability. Several lines of evidence supported the hypothesis that samples of training behavior are the better predictors. (Author)

Predictive validity of a school readiness test (Preschool Screening System (PSS)) was investigated through a teacher rating scale (Rhode Island Pupil Identification Scale) to six groups of kindergarten children of both sexes (N=245). The most powerful predictor in every group was the "Information Processing" score of the PSS. (Author)

Investigated the relationship between syntactic and semantic processing using a word-by-word reading paradigm and a cross-modal integration paradigm. The study evaluated the experimental results with regard to serial autonomous models, strongly and weakly interactive models, and a hybrid model proposed here. (92 references) (Author/CK)

Probes validity issues of computer-assisted strategy assessment in second language acquisition research. Reviews metacognitive and cognitive strategies, discussing trait-oriented and interactionist approaches in the concept of strategy, and examining validity by focusing on "advance preparation" and "resourcing" examples of…

Examined predictive validity of measures of infant habituation and later aspects of temperament. Found babies who habituated sooner (fewer trials to criterion) at five months of age and had fewer peak fixations during habituation were rated by mothers as more active, intense, and negative in mood, and less persistent and adaptable. Age differences…

Used the Child Behavior Checklists to develop a classification system to categorize behavior problems of foster children and initiated its validation with 91 foster children in The Netherlands. Identified four groups: normal, aggressive- delinquent-social problems, attention-social problems, and withdrawn-social problems. Found that these taxa…