This study of 86 Israeli parents of adolescents with severe intellectual disability found that parents applying for out-of-home placement tended to have external locus of control, less social support, and high levels of stress, compared to nonapplying parents. Applying parents also tended to be older and less educated and were more often single.…

Gives first-year results of three-year program evaluation for drug and alcohol prevention project. Compared a target group of 152 sixth graders receiving instruction using Botvin's life skills training curriculum with 64 subjects receiving no treatment. Results indicated that the program had a significant positive impact on the target subjects'…

Analyzes the relationship among physical attractiveness, locus of control, sex role orientation, and assertiveness in undergraduate students. Reviews videotapes of mixed-sex student groups engaged in discussion. Finds an internal locus of control positively correlated with assertiveness. Uses a behavioral measure of assertiveness rather than…

Pastoral counseling can enable African-American men to adopt a different identity by presenting a model of holism that allows men to access both masculine and feminine sides of their identities, becoming whole persons who respond to the world from within rather than reacting to external pressures. (SLD)

College students (N=217) completed questionnaires to examine associations between codependency, relationship quality, and personality characteristics. Codependency was associated with lower self-esteem and lower perception of interpersonal control. Codependency was also found to be associated with greater self-consciousness, social anxiety, and…

Studied perceptions of at-risk students in elementary, middle, and high school who were academically successful. Findings from 62 students from urban, suburban, and rural Virginia show the personality characteristics, dispositions, and beliefs that promoted academic success, regardless of background. Internal locus of control and a strong sense of…

Students with learning disabilities tend to hold an external locus of control for success but an internal locus of control for failure. Attribution feedback, combined with particular task strategies, can lead children to persist longer, acquire adaptive attributions, and make greater academic achievement gains. Attribution instruction can be…

Examined age differences in the operation of beliefs-performance cycles and the effects of these cycles on the development of children's perceived control and classroom engagement from the third to the seventh grade. Found that children who experienced teachers as warm and contingent were more likely to develop optimal profiles of control. Beliefs…

Compares cognitive-motivational and demographic characteristics of students enrolled in web-based sections of Psychological Statistics with counterparts in conventional sections of the course. No demographic differences were found, however, cyberstudents exhibited a greater external locus of control. Measures of on-line course activity, a high…

Three experimental studies investigated psychological processes underlying the effects of achievement in one domain and on self-perceived competence in another. In Study 1, high achievement in one domain led to lower self-perceived competence in the other. Study 2 showed inverse effects on self-perceived competence based on achievement feedback.…

A classification rule was developed to predict undergraduate students' withdrawal from or completion of fully online general education courses. A multivariate technique, predictive discriminant analysis (PDA), was used. High school grade point average and SAT mathematics score were shown to be related to retention in the online university courses.…

School effectiveness research has fueled debate on the importance of a press for academic excellence versus communal values. Research on parenting styles offers a theoretical framework that may resolve the debate. We hypothesized that dimensions of parenting styles--demandingness (academic press) and responsiveness (communal values)--predict…

This case study analyzes the impact of Indiana's Twenty-First Century Scholars college tuition discount program on the academic self-efficacy of high-risk, low-income students. The program is designed to increase the number of high-risk individuals attending college. The self-efficacy "training" of the program helps instill and reinforce the…

This study explored the relationships between emotional intelligence, locus of control, and self-efficacy among gifted and talented students participating in a two week long summer educational program. Results revealed statistically significant correlations between these variables. Gender was found to moderate the relationships. The study also…

Food mishandling is thought to be more acute among young adults; yet little is known about why they may engage in risky food handling behaviors. The purpose of this study was to create valid, reliable instruments for assessing key food safety psychosocial measures. Development of the measures began by examining published studies and behavior…