Predicting student success in various academic situations has traditionally been via the use of cognitive pre-tests, or other non-attitudinal measures. A study grouped students, (approximately 75 percent female, primarily college sophomores enrolled in a semester-length audiovisual course), according to individual pro-instructional expectancy…

The primary use of the Tests of General Educational Development (GED) is to appraise the educational development of adults who have not completed their formal high school education. The significance of these tests for higher education lies in their extensive use in admission of non-high-school-graduate adults to college. This study has three major…

This exploratory study investigated the relationships among three aspects of cognitive style and reading performance on the Gray Oral Reading Test for a sample of 100 fourth graders with IQs in the 85 to 115 range. The results indicated that there was a cognitive shift from reflection-impulsivity to automatization at the fourth-grade level, that…

Possible methods of improving the effectiveness of curriculum materials are listed and analyzed. Three factors are identified as heightening concern over effectiveness: the quantity of materials available, increasing decentralization of schooling, and the accountability movement. Basic issues discussed include evaluation of learning materials,…

The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the various characteristics of successful and less successful students and to determine what effect these characteristics have on achievement in an individualized learning program. Variables considered were: (1) attitudes, (2) motivation, (3) understandings about science, (4) personality, (5)…

The purpose of this study was to investigate the predictive relationships which exist between eight selected prereading measures and three criterion measures of reading achievement at the end of grade one in each of six different approaches to beginning reading instruction. Two randomly selected samples of boys and girls were the subjects. The…

This study looked at Medical College Admissions Test (MCAT) scores by race in relation to medical college status. It was found that promoted students differed significantly on all four MCAT subtests from those dismissed for academic difficulties and those repeating a year. For both black and white racial groups, the latter two status categories…

The validity of some theoretically-derived vocational diagnostic signs was examined to learn if a person's self-knowledge, occupational knowledge, and decision-making ability were predictable. Diverse samples of high school juniors (N = 1005), college juniors (N = 692), and employed adults (N = 140) were administered the Self-Directed Search (the…

The correction for attenuation formulas for partial, multiple, and canonical correlation coefficients are discussed and the effects of measurement errors on these statistics are explored. The notation is standardized and the derivation extended where appropriate. It is shown that as the reliabilities of the predictors become more disparate, the…

Three hundred and fifty-three Pittsburgh school children were randomly assigned to nine classes taught by the basal approach and nine classes taught by the integrated experience approach. Five readiness measures were administered at the beginning of the first grade, and the Stanford Achievement Test was given in May of first, second, and third…

This paper evaluates the effects of two distinct modes of feedback to students. These two modes comprise: (1) predicted final course grade, and (2) current standing in class. The experiment was conducted with a final year class of 56 students attending a required half-year course in Educational Measurement. The class was divided into four…

An investigation of how well the predictor variables of credit hours, student credit hours, contact hours, student contact hours, level of instruction, and academic rank correlate with faculty self-report measures of time-use for each class taught showed that only contact hours were a reliable measure of faculty effort as measured in time for a…

The Lorge-Thorndike Test of Cognitive Abilities (LTTCA), the Test of Auditory Perception (TAP), and the Metropolitan Achievement Test (MAT), were administered to second grade students. Statistical analysis revealed performance on TAP subtests was significantly correlated with most MAT subtest scores, especially the phonically-oriented MAT Word…

Fifty-nine (23 Black and 36 White) prelingually deaf children (8-13 years old) were tested in order to compare the relative effectiveness of two measures used to predict school achievement of Black and White deaf students. (Author)

Two approaches to the validation of occupational interest inventories are considered. The approaches vary according to whether one is interested in predicting students' occupational preferences as opposed to assisting counselors in advisement. One empirical example using female college students is presented. (Author/JKS)