Two studies involving an electively mute and a mildly retarded Native American student featured practice with a specific category of questions while programing peer presence to promote verbalization of verbal compliance to the same category of question in group reading. (CL)

Retrospective study of case records of speech-delayed children (N=73) given 14 different management programs over seven years suggested that age and error type may be predictors of potential spontaneous generalization and that the inclusion of self-monitoring procedures may increase the probability of early spontaneous generalizations of target…

The authors review several existing models of vocational assessment for the special needs learner. They argue the need to include generalizable skills assessment information in the vocational assessment process and provide suggestions for incorporating this information in the vocational assessment process for the special needs learner. (CH)

The study describes a computer-assisted instruction program that implemented a constant time delay procedure to teach the spelling of 15 state names to a sixth grader with a history of spelling disabilities. Maintenance and generalization of training effects also occurred. (Author/DB)

An African gray parrot, taught to employ the vocalization "want" before an object label so as to discriminate functional labeling from requesting, subsequently generalized "want" to novel situations. The findings of the study indicate that the training procedure might be applicable to intervention programs for humans with…

This paper suggests an approach for organizing the social studies curriculum to meet the need to identify specific goals while allowing for flexible content. Includes an example of how the approach works in the area of citizenship education. (JDH)

The article discusses generalization in use of learning strategies with the mildly disabled and presents a generalization model. Major research findings indicate the importance of explicit instruction in generalization, teacher expectation of strategy generalization, and feedback. Seven areas of research needs (such as motivation and metacognition…

Compared two interventions to enhance career development. Persons with disabilities participated in situation-specific intervention based on skills deficit model or intervention combining skills deficit and inhibition models and emphasizing generalization of skills across settings. Both interventions were superior to no-intervention control;…

Evaluates some possible reasons for the occurrence and eventual correction of children's naming errors in an experiment in which two-, four-, and six-year-olds learned two artificial object names in succession. (HOD)

The study examined whether two groups of profoundly hearing-impaired children (N=12) could learn and generalize phonetic-level speech skills into spoken language. One group was trained using content words, the other function words. Both groups made equal gains in speech, but the function group also gained in two language measures. (DB)

Two studies required 11 learning disabled (LD) elementary students to spell unknown words using standard written dictation and imitation-modeling. When the LD students were permitted sufficient, though individually variable, exposure to minimal correction procedures, they spontaneously generalized what had been learned from one spelling list to…

The synthesis of 18 single subject research studies on early intervention for socially withdrawn children indicated that reinforcement and measurement of targeted socially interactive behaviors showed the largest effects, with some treatment (such as unreinforced modeling of behavior) showing little effect. There was little evidence for skill…

Three moderately retarded students were taught to initiate and expand on conversational topics through actual conversations with nonhandicapped peers. Training generalized to natural contexts. Results were socially validated by undergraduates who rated tapes of two of the students' conversations during training phases as more socially competent…

A sibling training procedure consisting of direct prompting and modeling across three pairs of siblings revealed that direct prompting was effective for increasing reciprocal interactions between severely retarded and nonhandicapped siblings and increasing levels of initiations and responsiveness to initiations. (CL)

Reports findings of interindexer consistency tests--quantitative measure of degree to which indexers agree in assignment of terms representing subject contents of document--on print materials, which may be generalizable to indexing of visual materials. Results of interindexer consistency test on nonspecialists indexing pictorial art works are…