Describes ways in which a spiritual approach can contribute to the modern applied science of behavior change. Divides approach into three areas: conception of human nature, moral frame of reference, and set of techniques. Discusses and demonstrates the transitional person technique. (Author/BH)

Subjects (N=970) in five stages of smoking cessation completed test measuring 10 change processes: consciousness raising, dramatic relief, self-liberation, social liberation, counterconditioning, stimulus control, self-reevaluation, environmental reevaluation, reinforcement management, and helping relationship. Assessed 770 subjects six months…

Conducted prospective examination of factors associated with smoking relapse. Findings from 618 subjects revealed that, at year 1, signal detection analysis (SDA) produced one subgroup with 25 percent nonrelapse rate and another with 9 percent nonrelapse rate. At year two, SDA produced one subgroup with 19 percent nonrelapse rate and another with…

Measured 100 ex-smokers' self-efficacy for recovery of abstinence (SER) after lapse. Moderate SER subjects maintained abstinence nonsignificantly longer than did high SER subjects, significantly longer than low SER subjects. Findings are consistent with Bandura's hypothesis that SER should be high enough to avoid becoming hopeless if lapse occurs,…

Data on dietary intake and stages of change from 17,121 employees in the Working Well Trail show that a greater proportion have tried to reduce fat rather than increase fiber consumption. Stage of change predicted 8-13% of variance in dietary intake. (SK)

A four-phase investigation was completed to analyze the utility of forced-choice preference assessments when response effort and reinforcer delays are altered within a subsequent reinforcer assessment. The results indicated that access to highly preferred stimuli continued to serve as a reinforcer when increased response effort was required. When…

Two groups of 10 male rats were trained to nose poke for food pellets at four alternatives that provided differing rates of pellet delivery on aperiodic schedules. After a fixed number of pellets had been delivered, 5, 10 or 20 in different conditions of the experiment, a 10-s blackout occurred, and the locations of the differing rates of pellet…

Adopting a theoretical framework throughout the clinical practice guideline (CPG) process (development, dissemination, implementation, and evaluation) can be useful in systematically identifying, addressing, and explaining behavioral influences impacting CPG uptake and effectiveness. This article argues that using a theoretical framework should…

It has been estimated that as much as 20 percent of the school population may have some form of unidentified emotional or behavioral disorder; at some point in time, nearly all children exhibit problem behaviors. These behaviors often interfere with the learning environment and make it nearly impossible for teaching and learning to take place…

Background: People with intellectual disabilities (ID) are particularly vulnerable to abuse, and most incidents come to light through victim disclosure. Those people with severe or profound ID are not able to describe what has happened to them. This project aimed to describe the consequences of abuse and changes in behaviour following alleged…

This study examined college students' awareness of difficulties in learning class content and selection of study strategies to address the perceived challenges. Data consisted of responses by 94 students to two survey questions on 11 weekly monitoring worksheets. Data analyses, using the constant comparative method and Chi-Square tests, revealed…

The present model outlines the mechanisms underlying habitual control of responding and the ways in which habits interface with goals. Habits emerge from the gradual learning of associations between responses and the features of performance contexts that have historically covaried with them (e.g., physical settings, preceding actions). Once a…

This book presents essential learning approaches. It introduces educational and training activities, as well as various innovative methods aiming at the development of practical skills, in order to strengthen the continuous process of environmental education, and in particular the education for sustainable development (ESD). In doing so, it…

This paper discusses the topic of "interculturality" in higher education as it relates to global student mobility and internationalization efforts at higher education institutions. Starting with the underlying idea of "internationalization at home", it explores domestic students' intercultural experiences at a summer…

Although there seems to be a high level of awareness of the HIV and AIDS menace among the youth, their behavior does not reflect this level of awareness. There seems to be a mismatch between HIV and AIDS Programme objectives and behavior change among the youth. However, this level of mismatch has not been established for effective intervention…