The influence of task explanation on strategy transfer was studied. When educable mentally retarded adolescents were trained to rehearse and given a minimal explanation of a directed forgetting task, the majority were found to maintain the strategy on trials identical to rehearsal, but they failed to generalize the strategy in other trials.…

Assigned 24 supervisors to two behavior modeling workshops designed to improve the supervisors' skills in coaching and handling employee complaints. Generalization of observational learning to a novel context was significantly better in the experimental group, showing the efficacy of formalized retention processes. (Author)

Self-report and judges' ratings of anxiety and social skill were moderately generalizable across the facets investigated. The relationship between anxiety and skill varied considerably among methods. Substantial variance was found within judges for anxiety ratings and within judges and methods for skill ratings. Variance was influenced by mode of…

Reports results of a study to assess ability of children from different age groups (N=144) to generalize two hierarchically related concepts (Insect and Animal) with and without instruction in the form of a mental set. Also examined effects of age, I.Q., and sex on ability to generalize these concepts. (Author/JN)

Using a geoboard to find polygons with given perimeters presents a problem which refines skills and provides an opportunity to inquire and discover. (MK)

Kindergarten and first grade children were trained to choose the middle-sized stimulus in either a single stimulus set or in each of two nonoverlapping stimulus sets. Findings were reported in terms of the assumption that cognitive processes are important in the intermediate-sized transposition paradigm. (Author/DB)

Twelve male subjects were divided into three groups (model-plus-reinforcement (MR), model-only, and control) to determine if the presence of a verbalizing model to 35mm slides would elicit increased speech. Verbalization increased over treatments, especially in the MR group. Generalization to the word occurred in only three subjects. (Author/SJL)

In seven experiments, college or high school students studied texts containing either adjunct application or adjunct factual questions. Students were then tested for their ability to apply the presented concepts. Results suggested that the type of adjunct question had little influence on students' later ability to apply presented concepts.…

In its own fashion, philosophy encompasses everything and reflects the whole. Thus it has a special role in the liberal arts curriculum whose purpose is generality and breadth. Philosophy translates the generality of the liberal arts into reason and theory in an attempt to make the whole conceptually articulate. (JMD)

Argues that a broad dimension of useful experiments would be suggested if the field supplemented its current research strategy with a second strategy focused more explicitly on the extension of generality. (HOD)

Reviews studies investigating the indirect effects of language interventions on phonology and of phonological intervention on morphosyntax. Results of the review indicate that there is greater evidence to support facilitatory effects of phonological intervention on morphosyntactic performance, especially for children with severe impairments in…

A study involving six students (ages 14-17) with moderate mental retardation explored the use of peer tutoring to teach the functional skill of using money. Results indicated all students were able to master the "next-dollar" strategy through peer tutoring and were able to generalize their skills to make purchases. (Author/CR)

Studied whether there is a difference in the portrayal of Mexican American girls and women in picture books published from 1970 to 1990 and those published from 1990 to 1997. Overall, contemporary picture books portray fewer stereotypes, although increased generalizations are apparent in some areas. (SLD)

A study of 15 preschool children with autism found that the majority were able to identify preferred peers and that participation in a social skills program, in addition to an early intervention program, led to increases in skills that could be observed in the generalization setting. (Author/CR)

A study of 43 children (ages 2-6) who were deaf or hard of hearing examined the effects of a social skills and comparison intervention on peer social behaviors. Children receiving social skills intervention decreased frequency of solitary and parallel play and maintained these changes a year after the intervention. (Author/CR)