To determine whether the open classroom environment produces a higher degree of internal locus of control than the traditional classroom, 200 seventh-grade students, matched for sex, socioeconomic status, academic achievement, and intelligence, were assigned to either open or traditional classrooms. It was hypothesized that both high and low…

This article describes the development of the Child Rating Scale (CRS), a socioemotional self-rating scale for elementary school children. Four CRS factors (rule compliance/acting-out, anxiety/withdrawal, interpersonal social skills, and self-confidence) were found consistently across four independent samples totalling more than 2,000 elementary…

This research review adopts a developmental perspective to the problem of gifted underachievement. It covers affective development characteristics, focusing on self-concept, locus of control, and personality and temperament; environmental influences such as family and school; and strategies for holistic development through a combination of direct…

Orthopedically handicapped (OH, N=353) twelfth graders were compared to a control group. Blacks were under-represented in the OH cohort, and OH students had a higher incidence of other impairments. Academically the OH teenagers performed competitively with classmates, though they experienced difficulties in self-esteem, locus of contrtol, and…

Assessed Indian children's perception of control in the cognitive, social, and physical domains of school functioning by using the multidimensional measure of children's perception of control. Data analyses indicated a significant developmental difference in children's perception of the source of control, and this varied with their success or…

Decribes a two-year research study of attitude of first-year male and female camp counselors toward handicapped campers. Finds significant differences between males and females: females having more positive attitude toward the handicapped and more internalized locus of control. Emphasizes importance of counselor self-esteem and actual experience.…

Elementary school students (N=144) differing in classroom adjustment were presented with three written vignettes portraying inappropriate student behavior. Students' predictions of their teacher's motivation and responses to the vignette characters, as well as their own response and understanding, were analyzed for differences by grade, sex, and…

Educators in the Netherlands conceive of peace education as alternating between the transformation or improvement of the individual and the transformation of structures within which people act. Peace education aims at raising people's consciousness that they are responsible for peace. (RM)

Found that white leaders exhibited more internal control and attributed good outcomes to personal attributes more often than did Black leaders. Self-concept data and sex-role orientation data were not helpful in interpreting findings. (Author/AS)

A study of 24 Maori children in grades 3-6 who were invited to perform at a children's festival in Turkey and two control groups (control 1, n=24; control 2, n=23) of Maori children who did not participate in the festival examined the effect of an intense cultural program on children's self-esteem, locus of control, and academic performance.…

The development of a low cost input system is discussed in terms of the appropriateness of imposing program-controlled answering strategies on candidates attempting a conventional multiple choice objective question achievement test. Systems used for the management of learning and strategies students use to answer tests are highlighted. (Author/EJS)

Fifty-six fifth- and sixth-grade children, manifesting depressive symptoms as judged by teachers and in response to a self-report depression battery, were assigned to one of four intervention conditions: role play, cognitive restructuring, attention placebo, or control. Most improvements were observed in the role-play treatment. (Author/CTM)

A study involving 17 elementary school teachers investigated the effects of directly training teachers in problem-solving skills to enhance their performance on a consultation-related activity (parent-teacher conferences) regarding student-related problems. Results found the direct training enhanced the teachers' skills in describing students'…

Studied the use of a computer-based instructional package called SuccessMaker with disruptive students to determine its effects on locus of control and grade point average. Results of pretests and posttests showed an improvement in academic outcomes when the intervention was teacher facilitated. (LRW)

Describes a study comparing the characteristics of college-ready and academically underprepared community college students. Reports that underprepared students demonstrated higher levels of test anxiety and a more external locus of control, but did not differ from college-ready students in self-esteem, grade point average, or learning-study…