Theoretical formulation may be utilized as a technique of the inquiry process under the following conditions: (1) identification of appropriate uses such as in explaining existing generalizations as a basis for asking questions that might not otherwise have been raised; (2) provision of the current state of development of a particular line of…

Although single case studies might be useful to evaluators for a variety of purposes, there are no generally accepted ways for drawing inferences about the generality of findings from a case study. Single case studies are defined in this paper as either studies of single events, or disaggregated studies of multiple events. The data may be…

A program was developed to provide for generalization training for two groups of language delayed children (N=11), ages 5 to 11, being served in two self contained special education classrooms. The program consisted of three components: teaching the target language construction in a controlled classroom setting, evaluation of language…

This theoretical paper is concerned with the evaluation and preference responses of preschool children to light- and dark-skinned human figures. The paper examines the hypothesis that in children the frequently observed bias favoring light-skinned persons over dark-skinned persons is not a racial bias but is related to early learning experiences…

This study was performed as an effort to replicate and extend the findings of Hendrix with regard to verbalization and discovery learning. College algebra classes were randomly assigned to three verbalization conditions: (1) no student verbalization of generalizations required, (2) students make written verbalization of generalization, and (3)…

This study assessed the value of teaching young children the relevant attributes of a concept and the conceptual rule by which the attributes are organized. It was hypothesized that only if children had prior knowledge of both components could they follow instructions designed to teach a new concept. It was further hypothesized that children who…

Curriculum development would be greatly aided if it could be demonstrated that certain instructional techniques have a generalization effect that encompasses several content settings. The evidence that transfer does occur within the learning process is strong enough to warrant this study into the generalization of science instruction. It was…

Six studies relevant to the analysis of generalized imitative behavior are described. The first examined the role of verbal instructions in generalized imitation by comparing the use of a "do this" instruction with no such instruction and the use of positive reinforcement with no reinforcement. The tenacity of generalized imitation in this study…

A set of five orthographic generalizations was selected, taught, and reviewed at the fifth-grade level in an attempt to reduce spelling errors in unknown but commonly used English words. During a 6-week period, an experimental group of 95 students was given a series of exercises designed to develop spelling principles, and a control group received…

A study was conducted to measure the degree to which groups of infants could generalize color across objects of different forms and sizes and generalize from across objects of different color and sizes and to see whether color or form would dominate in their generalizations. Ss were 8-13-month-old Caucasian infants. All tests had 16 Ss except the…

The psychometric reliability of a factor, defined as its generalizability across samples drawn from the same population of tests, is considered as a necessary precondition for the scientific meaningfulness of factor analytic results. A solution to the problem of generalizability is illustrated empirically on data from a set of tests designed to…

Teacher editions of four basal reading series used in the first, fourth, and sixth grades were analyzed to determine the extent of inclusion and explanation of the levels of questioning. Questions from the first two, middle two, and last two stories in each of the teacher editions were analyzed. All teacher editions examined recognized the…

Using mathematics as an example, the nature of the confusion between "knowledge" and "coming to know" is elucidated. The range of curriculum choices available to structuralists once the distinction is clarified is larger, and teaching a body of knowledge and teaching by discovery are compatible. (Author/MLF)

The article describes a curriculum model for the severely handicapped which utilizes the traditional notions of content, scope, and sequence and relates these concepts to the learning and generalization processes. (DLS)

Although it makes a great deal of sense to attempt to design reading research so as to be able to generalize beyond the particular reading passages used in an experiment, the suggestion that tests of statistical significance are a necessary part of making valid generalizations is nonsense. (HOD)