Discusses the definition and origin of the term "groupthink." Examines three studies on groupthink by John Courtright (1978), Matie Flowers (1977), and Philip Tetlock (1979). Concludes none of the three is superior to another but that it can be learned from all three that group decision making is fraught with danger. (ABL)

Examines the proposition that members of a group unconsciously displace the shadow of the group onto other groups to reduce feelings of internal conflict and threat within the group. Characteristics of the group shadow, as well as its psychodynamic function within and between groups are described. (Author/BL)

Reviews literature concerning newcomers in groups in different settings. Presents a general model examining factors felt to be important for successful assimilation in group psychotherapy, i.e., overcoming resistance to join group, clarifying group process, examining client's in-group behavior, and confirming client's expectations. (BH)

The basic finding of this study was that two cooperating, discussing individuals were more effective on a concept attainment task that either two cooperating individuals not allowed discussion or two competing individuals. (EH)

Based on clinical observations, the author discusses the role of occupational therapy in treating hyperactive children, including self-regulation of the child through activity groups where other children serve as monitoring agents. (Authors/JA)

Using a three-variable design, this study investigated conformity to male and female group pressures among Chinese and American male college students. Americans showed a greater tendency toward anticonformity than did Chinese. (JB)

Groups assigned to the High Orientation condition'', wherein a confederate manipulated behavior, were significantly closer to concensus after discussion than groups in either the Low or No Orientation conditions''; thirty groups were involved in the study. (Author/SP)

The results of these experiments strongly suggest that the occurrence of behavioral contagion depended on the relative advantage an initiator's action establishes over the other members of the group. (SD)

Presents a brief review of the literature on organizational behavior and on information seeking and comments on the relevance of this literature (which is not primarily directed toward librarians) to librarianship. Leadership and productivity, motivation, and organizational development are discussed. A 40-item reference list is included.…

Dissent is an integral part of human relations, one that can stimulate creative problem solving. Four major strategies for dealing with dissent are power, compromise, consensus, and synergy. (SK)

Describes personal transformation in small groups method that employs Matrix Model as its operational structure in Part I of two-part article. Describes method's reliance on metaphors and nature and manner in which they are employed. Defines personal transformation within framework of analytical psychology. (Author/CM)

Examines process of leave-taking (termination) in terms of social goals and remedial and reciprocal models of group works. Presents typology of termination. Discusses termination reactions and related activity patterns. Notes practice principles of group leaders including timing, leader-member decision making and evaluation, management of…

Analyzed structure of social interaction within four therapy groups in terms of conditional responding of participants. Proposed that groups' interactions would show increasing structure across sessions. Findings showed no consistent pattern of group development, that frequency with which members spoke was inversely related to dominance in group,…

Examined relationship between group members' (N=36) approach to group sessions and group session climate and relationship between length of time in group and agenda quality. Found average ratings of interpersonal and here-and-now dimensions of agendas were significantly related to average perception of group climate as more engaged and less…