The effects of postsecondary experiences on the development of young people's aspirations, attitudes, and self-conceptions during their first four years after high school were studied. Attention was directed to self-esteem; orientations toward work, family, and community; sex-role attitudes; educational expectations; career aspirations;…

A model that conceptualizes career stress for faculty members and that suggests options for enhancing career vitality is considered. The model draws upon attribution theory, the locus of control in work of Julian Rotter and the literature of depression by Martin E. P. Seligman. It suggests that perceived causes, or attributions, are directly…

The correlation between specific personality and biographical variables and the grade point average (GPA) of 211 first quarter community college and technical institute students was investigated using the Adult Nowicki Strickland Internal-External scale to determine locus of control, the Post High School Self-Concept of Academic Ability scale, and…

The relationships between use of specific tutorial skills and pupil outcomes is the domain of the present paper, the third of three studies of mathematics tutoring designed and conducted using three populations of tutors--teachers, paraprofessionals, and students. The other two studies individually address the effects of tutoring on the…

This paper is a preliminary report of a project designed to determine the family and other environmental factors which are associated with effective functioning in children from low income environments. The purpose of the project was to determine the strengths in poverty situations which should be capitalized on in developing educational programs…

This research addressed the question of how preschool experiences will be reflected in later development. Both cognitive functioning and social behavioral adjustment were explored. The central focus was on attitudes conducive to achievement which The Demonstration and Research Center for Early Education (DARCEE) preschool program sought to develop…

The question of whether internal versus external locus of control for generalized expectancies of reinforcement is an important variable in working with college reentry students was examined in a descriptive study. Subjects were 24 women (9 Caucasians, 7 African Americans, and 8 Hispanic Americans aged 19 to 24 years) enrolled in a proprietary…

Noting that the protective factors that support positive development despite adversity are becoming better understood, this workbook discusses the importance of encouraging resilience in school-aged children living in challenging circumstances and shows how to evaluate resilience through the use of checklists and background information. The…

The purpose of this study was to investigate the factor structure of a Factors Influencing Pursuit of Higher Education (FIPHE) Questionnaire which addresses factors influencing a person's decision to pursue higher education. Researchers used a literature-based, rational factors approach to develop the questionnaire; the three-part study included a…

The majority of research that exists studying juvenile sex offenders (JSOs) is dominated by the predilection that identifying risk factors associated with recidivism will benefit both the JSOs and treatment providers. Further, the majority of existing treatments are guided by research that has identified what makes JSOs more likely to reoffend.…

The College Reach Out Program is an educational program funded by the Florida Legislature designed to motivate and promote students in grades K-12 to complete high school and enroll in some type of postsecondary educational institution. The program is an attempt to help racial/ethnic minorities, low income students, and educationally disadvantaged…

The Efficacy Scale for Creative Productivity (ESCreP) was developed to measure students' convictions that they could be creative producers. Self-efficacy, an individual's estimation of ability to perform a behavior, is based upon performance accomplishments, vicarious experiences, verbal persuasion, and emotional or physiological arousal. Three…

Research was performed in lower grade technical schools in the Netherlands to study complex psychomotor tasks requiring integration of several task-dependent skills. In two studies, students were observed performing metal work. They were assigned to instructional conditions of high, intermediate or low structure. Students in the high-structure…

The issue of whether higher education reduces or reproduces structured social inequality was investigated by comparing the background, current educational experiences, and expectations regarding future work of freshmen and senior liberal arts students who attend upper, middle, and working class universities. Responses were received from 173 Yale…

Affective development is considered an important outcome of compensatory programs. This study examines interactions among program, cognitive, and affective variables over an extended time period. Affective dimensions considered for measurement include attitudes toward school, self-concept, achievement motivation, and internal-external control.…