Three-month-olds are sensitive to orientation changes of line drawings when they have a three-dimensional (3-D) interpretation and when the changes are defined by both 3-D depth and two-dimensional (2-D) picture plane cues [Bhatt, R. S., & Bertin, E. (2001). Pictorial cues and three-dimensional information processing in early infancy. Journal of…

Figure/ground assignment--determining which part of the visual image is foreground and which background--is a critical step in early visual analysis, upon which much later processing depends. Previous research on the assignment of figure and ground to opposing sides of a contour has almost exclusively involved static geometric factors--such as…

Presents a specific procedure for obtaining reliable pupillometric measurements from infants and young children and adults. Discussion of the data and previous studies indicate that pupillometry holds promise as an objective measure of visual sensitivity for infants and young children. (Author/SDH)

The operator of the Army Analytical Photogrammetric Positioning System (APPS) must perform a critical step in the coordinate determination procedure by the subjective comparison of dissimilar images. He must correlate reconnaissance mission imagery with aerotriangulated photographic stereoscopic pairs, known as data base imagery, and visually…

Studies of orientation perception in infants and children have revealed an "oblique effect," that is, a performance advantage for tasks involving horizontal and vertical stimulus orientations compared with tasks involving oblique orientations. The two studies reported support the hypothesis that oblique stimulus orientations are treated…

Evaluates infants less than 1 week of age in a habituation-recovery paradigm for evidence of ability to detect an invariant identity or nonidentity relationship between components of a visual stimulus. (Author/NH)

Ten autistic children and 10 normal nursery school children, matched for mean developmental age, were presented with figure stimuli and had variable irrelevant cues in two-choice simultaneous discrimination learning. Performance of the autistic group did not vary as a function of irrelevant variability, a result attributed to poor performance of…

Infants 21- to 25-weeks-old devoted more visual fixation to novel than familiar stimuli on immediate and delayed recognition tests. The experiments confirm the existence of long-term recognition memory for pictorial stimuli in the early months of life. (DP)

Relates audience volume to the optimal conditions for the best television viewing, accuracy, and visual comfort. Appended are 21 references. (AA)

Investigates preschool children's ability to discriminate and categorize facial expressions. Four sets of drawings of faces depicted expressions of joy, sadness, surprise, and anger. Each set of drawings contained a "standard" face as well as five choices from which to select a match. (Author/RH)

Tests newborns' ability to detect a dot with central vision and compares both the proportion of time the infants fixated centrally and the duration of each central fixation. Subjects were 46 newborns ranging in age from 1 to 7 days. (MP)

One- to four-month-old infants' abilities to see various structural characteristics of a subjective contour figure were assessed by means of a habituation procedure. (Author/DB)