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Peer reviewed
Direct linkHirose, Nobuyuki; Osaka, Naoyuki – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2009
A briefly presented target can be rendered invisible by a lingering sparse mask that does not even touch it. This form of visual backward masking, called object substitution masking, is thought to occur at the object level of processing. However, it remains unclear whether object-level interference alone produces substitution masking because…
Descriptors: Attention, Visual Perception, Experiments, College Students
Howard, Marc W.; Jing, Bing; Rao, Vinayak A.; Provyn, Jennifer P.; Datey, Aditya V. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2009
In episodic memory tasks, associations are formed between items presented close together in time. The temporal context model (TCM) hypothesizes that this contiguity effect is a consequence of shared temporal context rather than temporal proximity per se. Using double-function lists of paired associates (e.g., A-B, B-C) presented in a random order,…
Descriptors: Recall (Psychology), Models, Experiments, College Students
Purdy, John David – ProQuest LLC, 2010
Increased second-language (L2) proficiency is associated with a shift from explicit to implicit processing; however, the neural underpinnings are of this shift are not well understood. Furthermore, it is known that unaccusative verbs cause persistent difficulties in L2 learning. In this study, behavioral and event-related potential (ERP) responses…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Language Proficiency, Brain, Cognitive Processes
Schalock, Robert L.; Borthwick-Duffy, Sharon A.; Bradley, Valerie J.; Buntinx, Wil H. E.; Coulter, David L.; Craig, Ellis M.; Gomez, Sharon C.; Lachapelle, Yves; Luckasson, Ruth; Reeve, Alya; Shogren, Karrie A.; Snell, Martha E.; Spreat, Scott; Tasse, Marc J.; Thompson, James R.; Verdugo-Alonso, Miguel A.; Wehmeyer, Michael L.; Yeager, Mark H. – American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2010
This Manual contains the most current and authoritative information and knowledge on intellectual disability, including best practice guidelines on diagnosing and classifying intellectual disability and developing a system of supports for people living with an intellectual disability. Written by a committee of 18 experts, "Intellectual…
Descriptors: Mental Retardation, Developmental Disabilities, Classification, Definitions
Chang, Chun-Yen; Yeh, Ting-Kuang; Barufaldi, James P. – International Journal of Science Education, 2010
This study explored the phenomenon of testing effect during science concept assessments, including the mechanism behind it and its impact upon a learner's conceptual understanding. The participants consisted of 208 high school students, in either the 11th or 12th grade. Three types of tests (traditional multiple-choice test, correct concept test,…
Descriptors: Student Attitudes, Multiple Choice Tests, Climate, Misconceptions
Chen, Yi-Hsin; Ferron, John M.; Thompson, Marilyn S.; Gorin, Joanna S.; Tatsuoka, Kikumi K. – Educational Research and Evaluation, 2010
Traditional comparisons of test score means identify group differences in broad academic areas, but fail to provide substantive description of how the groups differ on the specific cognitive attributes required for success in the academic area. The rule space method (RSM) allows for group comparisons at the cognitive attribute level, which…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Academic Achievement, Probability, Algebra
Colom, Roberto; Abad, Francisco J.; Quiroga, M. Angeles; Shih, Pei Chun; Flores-Mendoza, Carmen – Intelligence, 2008
Working memory and the general factor of intelligence (g) are highly related constructs. However, we still don't know why. Some models support the central role of simple short-term storage, whereas others appeal to executive functions like the control of attention. Nevertheless, the available empirical evidence does not suffice to get an answer,…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Short Term Memory, Correlation, Measurement Techniques
Florida, Jennifer – Journal of Computers in Mathematics and Science Teaching, 2012
The study deals with the development of an analogy-integrated e-learning module on Cellular Respiration, which is intended to facilitate conceptual understanding of students with different brain hemisphere dominance and learning styles. The module includes eight analogies originally conceptualized following the specific steps used to prepare…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Cognitive Style, Learning Modules, Biochemistry
Blair, Mark R.; Watson, Marcus R.; Walshe, R. Calen; Maj, Fillip – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2009
Humans have an extremely flexible ability to categorize regularities in their environment, in part because of attentional systems that allow them to focus on important perceptual information. In formal theories of categorization, attention is typically modeled with weights that selectively bias the processing of stimulus features. These theories…
Descriptors: Attention, Classification, Visual Perception, Experiments
Eimer, Martin; Kiss, Monika; Press, Clare; Sauter, Disa – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2009
We investigated the roles of top-down task set and bottom-up stimulus salience for feature-specific attentional capture. Spatially nonpredictive cues preceded search arrays that included a color-defined target. For target-color singleton cues, behavioral spatial cueing effects were accompanied by cue-induced N2pc components, indicative of…
Descriptors: Cues, Brain, Visual Perception, Experiments
Finkelman, Matthew; Kim, Wonsuk; Roussos, Louis A. – Journal of Educational Measurement, 2009
Much recent psychometric literature has focused on cognitive diagnosis models (CDMs), a promising class of instruments used to measure the strengths and weaknesses of examinees. This article introduces a genetic algorithm to perform automated test assembly alongside CDMs. The algorithm is flexible in that it can be applied whether the goal is to…
Descriptors: Identification, Genetics, Test Construction, Mathematics
Braden, Jeffery P.; Shaw, Steven R. – Assessment for Effective Intervention, 2009
The intervention validity of cognitive assessment batteries is considered within an historical context to identify what the evidence supports (knowns), what cannot be known (unknowables), and what is not yet known (unknowns). Two ways cognitive batteries could inform intervention are identified: a disordinal (i.e., aptitude-treatment interaction)…
Descriptors: Intervention, Validity, Cognitive Tests, Cognitive Measurement
Lau, Wilfred W. F.; Yuen, Allan H. K. – Computers & Education, 2010
It has been advocated that pedagogical content knowledge as well as subject matter knowledge are important for improving classroom instructions. To develop pedagogical content knowledge, it is argued that understanding of students' mental representations of concepts is deemed necessary. Yet assessing and comparing mental model of each individual…
Descriptors: Identification, Mathematics Instruction, Pedagogical Content Knowledge, Cognitive Style
Crasborn, Frank; Hennissen, Paul; Brouwer, Niels; Korthagen, Fred; Bergen, Theo – Teachers and Teaching: Theory and Practice, 2010
The main goal of the current study is to capture differential frequencies of mentor teachers' reflective moments, as indicators of different levels of consciousness in mentor teachers' use and acquisition of supervisory skills during mentoring dialogues. For each of the 30 participants, two mentoring dialogues were analyzed: one before and one…
Descriptors: Mentors, Supervision, Supervisory Training, Teaching Methods
Templin, Jonathan L.; Henson, Robert A.; Templin, Sara E.; Roussos, Louis – Applied Psychological Measurement, 2008
Several types of parameterizations of attribute correlations in cognitive diagnosis models use the reduced reparameterized unified model. The general approach presumes an unconstrained correlation matrix with K(K - 1)/2 parameters, whereas the higher order approach postulates K parameters, imposing a unidimensional structure on the correlation…
Descriptors: Factor Structure, Identification, Correlation, Computation
