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David M. Quinn – Annenberg Institute for School Reform at Brown University, 2024
Racial equity in education is often framed around "closing the achievement gap," but many scholars argue this frame perpetuates deficit mindsets. The "opportunity gap" (OG) frame has been offered as an alternative to focus attention on structural injustices. In a preregistered survey experiment, I estimate the effects of…
Descriptors: Equal Education, Achievement Gap, Racial Differences, Social Justice
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Olivia Ward; Deanna C. Friesen – Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs, 2025
The current study examined whether children with and without ADHD differed in text processing when contradictory information was present. Forty-seven children between 10 and 14 years old performed a self-paced reading task. Half the passages contained contradictory information. Additionally, language and cognitive skills were assessed to examine…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Recall (Psychology), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Students
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Fanny Lalot; Diane M. Houston – Social Psychology of Education: An International Journal, 2025
Reviews of social comparison processes in school contexts have concluded that individual differences in propensity to compare with others are likely to be important in the classroom, but that there is a paucity of evidence testing this key proposition. To address this gap, we developed and validated a new measure of propensity to engage in…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Comparative Analysis, Individual Differences, Peer Relationship
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Alicia L. Macchione; Donald Sacco; Mitch Brown – Journal for STEM Education Research, 2025
Recent work indicates that gender-inclusive advertisements can increase women's involvement in STEM fields. However, it remains less clear whether these inclusionary efforts would benefit more from focusing on the pragmatic utility or moral need for inclusivity. This study extends this work by determining the extent to which two unique inclusivity…
Descriptors: Program Effectiveness, Intervention, Investment, STEM Education
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Ngo Cong-Lem – PROFILE: Issues in Teachers' Professional Development, 2025
This article reports a qualitative case study on the translanguaging practices of Vietnamese English-as-a-foreign-language (EFL) educators and explores the mechanisms behind individual differences in their practices through an integrative cultural-historical activity theory perspective. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews,…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Code Switching (Language), Second Language Instruction, Second Language Learning
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Andrew Kwok; Joseph Waddington; Jenna Davis; Sara Halabi; Debbee Huston; Rita Hemsley – American Journal of Education, 2025
Purpose: Asset-based pedagogy (ABP) values what students bring to the classroom and is responsive to their individual needs. Yet teachers, particularly beginners, fail to integrate these types of strategies throughout K-12 classrooms. It is imperative to explore to what extent beginning teachers understand ABP as well as the variation within who…
Descriptors: Educational Strategies, Beginning Teachers, Student Needs, Individual Needs
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Kate Cain; Nicola K. Currie; Gillian Francey; Robert Davies; Shelley Gray; Mindy S. Bridges; M. Adelaida Restrepo; Marilyn S. Thompson; Margeaux F. Ciraolo – Journal of Research in Reading, 2025
Background: We examined the influence of text and reader characteristics on sixth graders' inference generation. Methods: Eleven- to 12-year-old US monolingual English speakers (N = 71) and Spanish-English bilinguals (N = 81) read narrative and informational expository texts requiring an inference and answered an inference-tapping question after…
Descriptors: Reader Text Relationship, Student Characteristics, Grade 6, Inferences
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Andrea Lucky; Vanda Janštová; Petr Novotný; Jan Mourek – International Journal of STEM Education, 2025
Background: In an era of precipitous insect declines, effective entomology education is especially needed to support firsthand knowledge of nature. Understanding what students know and feel about insects is instrumental to teaching and curriculum development. This study describes the development and validation of a new survey instrument, EntoEdu,…
Descriptors: Entomology, Test Construction, Test Validity, Global Approach
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Albert D. Farrell; Courtney B. Dunn; Kelly E. O'Connor – Journal of Early Adolescence, 2025
This study's goal was to identify patterns of risk and promotive factors across multiple social-ecological domains and their associations with adolescents' problem behaviors (aggression, substance use, and other delinquent behaviors), victimization, and distress symptoms. Participants were a mostly African American (79%) sample of 2711 middle…
Descriptors: Risk, Aggression, Behavior Problems, Middle School Students
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Ellana Black; Kristen Betts – Impacting Education: Journal on Transforming Professional Practice, 2025
This convergent mixed methods research study investigated how a small, non-representative sample of Educational Doctorate (EdD) faculty perceive and use generative AI and how they have leveraged the technology to support EdD students. A cross-sectional survey was used to gather data from 27 EdD faculty members to assess their generative AI…
Descriptors: Doctoral Programs, Education Majors, College Faculty, Artificial Intelligence
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Chabal, Sarah; Hayakawa, Sayuri; Marian, Viorica – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2021
Over the course of our lifetimes, we accumulate extensive experience associating the things that we see with the words we have learned to describe them. As a result, adults engaged in a visual search task will often look at items with labels that share phonological features with the target object, demonstrating that language can become activated…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Visual Perception, Task Analysis, Phonology
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Michael, Robert B.; Breaux, Brooke O. – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2021
The 2016 US Presidential campaign saw an explosion in popularity for the term "fake news." This phenomenon raises interesting questions: Which news sources do people believe are fake, and what do people think "fake news" means? One possibility is that beliefs about the news reflect a bias to disbelieve information that…
Descriptors: Political Affiliation, Political Attitudes, Beliefs, Deception
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von Krause, Mischa; Radev, Stefan T.; Voss, Andreas; Quintus, Martin; Egloff, Boris; Wrzus, Cornelia – Journal of Intelligence, 2021
In recent years, mathematical models of decision making, such as the diffusion model, have been endorsed in individual differences research. These models can disentangle different components of the decision process, like processing speed, speed-accuracy trade-offs, and duration of non-decisional processes. The diffusion model estimates individual…
Descriptors: Decision Making, Mathematical Models, Cognitive Processes, Individual Differences
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Jennings, Jay; Muldner, Kasia – International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 2021
When students are first learning to program, they not only have to learn to write programs, but also how to trace them. Code tracing involves stepping through a program step-by-step, which helps to predict the output of the program and identify bugs. Students routinely struggle with this activity, as evidenced by prior work and our own experiences…
Descriptors: Scaffolding (Teaching Technique), Tutors, Tutoring, Programming
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Wibowo, Jonas; Dyson, Ben – European Physical Education Review, 2021
In this article, we focus on the contingency between learning and instruction in physical education (PE). We argue that the complex interconnectedness of teachers' instruction and students' learning processes should be studied using a unit of analysis that expresses the relationship between the two factors. A contingency perspective foregrounds…
Descriptors: Physical Education, Learning Processes, Instruction, Individual Differences
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