The evolution of the University of Minnesota's program of student volunteers in the college union is described. The program draws on developmental theories, and suggest ways of integrating union program production and specific educational goals for the volunteers engaged in that production: individual autonomy, commitment of values, integration of…

This guidebook rejects a simplistic view of children's development of self-esteem in favor of a perspective that locates the concept in the larger contexts of children's social, cognitive, moral, and personality development. Part I concerns ways in which young children develop a sense of value. A general introduction to the concept of self-esteem…

Teaching moral behavior in schools is particularly difficult today because there is a diversity of standards reflecting the diverse elements of the culture. Even if consensus on morality could be assumed, however, past experience suggests that students would reject much of it, and neither arguing with them nor joining their rebellion is…

Literature can be used in an elementary school curriculum to provide sound moral models for children. Through the exploration of moral problems and the adoption of the perspectives of others, children may begin to develop and refine their own morality. A male and a female morality may be identified in literature. The male morality--based on the…

Four models are discussed with which to view students, educational goals, and learning environments. Each of the four theories emphasizes a unique aspect of the total development process. Piaget's model describes the development of structures and processes which characterize mature logical thinking. Perry provides a closer look at students'…

Since people's mental makeup is, to a certain extent, based on what they have read and how it has been incorporated into their lives, it is not surprising that considerable attention is paid to what children read. As a consequence, children's books tend to be highly moralistic. Many realistic books today attempt to teach children how to cope with…

The work-education goals of the People's Republic of China, which are to expand educational opportunity, economic development, and value transformations, are presented first in a 1982 paper and then in a literature update of the paper. Since the death of Mao Tse-tung in 1976, educational policy has focused less on revolutionary committees and…

The moral judgment is assessed of high school students from three regular high schools and from three alternative high schools. Students from the alternative schools made and reinforced rules and settled issues in weekly community meetings based on participatory democracy. The study sought to ascertain the presence of responsibility judgments in…

Connections between structural-developmental psychology and field experience education are addressed. In addition to summarizing principles of structural-developmental psychology and relevant research findings, a comprehensive view of individual development is related to the philosophical aims of higher education, and developmental and dualistic…

A model for analyzing and comparing values education materials is presented. The model is based on other curriculum and evaluation models, such as those proposed by Morrissett and others (1969). The first section outlines five existing approaches to teaching values: inculcation, clarification, cognitive-developmental approach, analysis, and the…

This paper examines Tung's ideas of Chinese education for the ruler, for the common people, and for government servants. Tung, an important educational theorist and Confucian philosopher in China's history, suggested the imperial examination system which led to employment in the imperial civil service. It is the thesis of this paper that there was…

This document reports on research to determine the moral maturity of elementary and secondary school students. One aspect of the project involved the development and field-testing of The Important Considerations Survey (ICS), an objective paper-and-pencil instrument that attempts to determine a student's level of moral reasoning along Kohlberg's…

According to recent research data, a successful reading program in the middle school requires a change in educational emphasis from content (skill orientation) to a curriculum determined by the cognitive, moral, and social-emotional development of the child. Three developmental models that provide tools for educators in developing such a…

This paper describes a plan for career education which is being adopted by the California Career Education Task Force with the intent of aiding the State Department of Education. The plan will be useful to many educators throughout the country. Part One of this paper deals with counselor effectiveness. Guidance and counseling program modes as well…

A number of issues concerning the evaluation of moral and civic education programs are discussed. Four program types are described: (1) rationalist, which involves a high cognitive knowledge of the law and legal processes; (2) actionist, in which students participate in out-of-class projects; (3) values clarification, in which students study,…