This study focuses on drinking and the socially associated behavior of young people in discotheques and restaurants serving alcoholic beverages in Helsinki, Finland. Patterns of entering, seating, drinking, contact-making, and social control are discussed with respect to their inter-relationships and sexual differences are noted. (EH)

This textbook is an Americanization course that teaches English with situational readings for using English in daily activities and learning manners, customs, geography, and hygiene, as well as readings in American history. Reading, conversation, pronunciation drills, composition, and dramatization are used in lessons.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of group size on toddlers' peer interactions and social interactions with mothers. In particular, the study sought to answer the following questions: (1) When both mothers and peers are available to the child, with whom does he/she prefer to play? and (2) Are there differences in the types of…

This preliminary edition of the International Directory of Child Development Research includes listings for 45 nations. Entries are grouped in the following sections: intranational organizations, international organizations, private institutes, and handicapped children. Names of contact persons, addresses, and institutional affiliations are…

Apologies are admissions of blameworthiness for an undesirable event and allow actors to try to obtain a pardon from the audience. In an investigation of the uses and forms of apologies, 120 subjects participated in a role-play study where they imagined themselves to be central characters who bumped into a "victim." Apologies were used in a…

Kenneth Burke, whose positions have served as the basis for countless research projects in speech communication, believes that people are actors acting out life in the social drama with the purpose of achieving the ultimate good. Considering speakers as actors centers attention on the analysis of individuals in terms of their actions as actors and…

Research on self-disclosure has suggested that in dyadic social interactions, self-disclosure by one member of the dyad tends to be reciprocated by the other. Little is known, however, about the parameters of self-disclosure and reciprocity. Investigators have sought to relate self-disclosure to various personality constructs, such as…

This report examines the effects of the Perry Preschool Project, an early intervention program for disadvantaged students, on youths through age 15. The report provides a framework for the study of the effects of early childhood intervention and information on the design of the project. Data are then presented regarding the preschool effects on…

This paper describes an attempt to use a model of behavioral intention as a diagnostic tool to provide useful data for the preparation of health education programs for adolescents in the area of cigarette smoking. The theory of this model is that a person's behavior is a function of their behavioral intention which, in turn, is a function of their…

The objectives of this study were (1) to observe and describe the social quality and the cognitive type of spontaneous play exhibited in a group of 20 children in a child care setting during two age periods, toddler (14-30 months) and preschool (30-48 months), and (2) to chart the developmental trends using a model of play complexity derived from…

The effects of infant responsiveness and marital satisfaction on parent-infant reciprocity in face-to-face interactions are examined in this study. Thirty-two middle to upper-middle class couples attending LaMaze classes were recruited for the study. There were equal numbers of male and female infants. When the infants were approximately three…

Relationships between females and males are heavily influenced by the ways people perceive the possibility of sexual involvement. In the United States, a physical involvement across sexual boundaries is often conceptualized as a power relationship. Consequently, male-female sexual interaction may be perceived by the participants as a win-lose…

Subject groups were classified on the basis of behavioral ratings for degree of anxiety exhibited and level of social skill displayed during a simulated dating interaction. Subjects were then asked to view and evaluate their own skill performance and the performance of bogus subjects during the same interaction when presented on videotape. All…

This study explored the relationships between parents' reports of their children's play with imaginary playmates at home and (1) observational ratings of children's imagination, positive emotionality, concentration, social behavior and use of language during free play at nursery school, and (2) parents' records of their children's television…

This investigation attempts to replicate previous studies by Spivak and Shure regarding the relationship between cognitive interpersonal problem-solving capacity and behavioral adjustment in 4-year-old children. Although Spivack and Shure's only measure of behavioral adjustment was teacher ratings (with the teachers aware of the purpose of the…