The author analyzes the logic of inferences in modern biology which serve as reductionist bridges between the organismic and molecular levels of explanation. He distinguishes pragmatic validity from deductive or inductive validity, and discusses the requirements for validity of pragmatic inferences (which are accepted or rejected in terms of the…

The task of the genetic counselor who identifies genetic causes of mental retardation and assists families to understand risk of recurrence is described. Considered are chromosomal genetic disorders such as Down's syndrome, inherited disorders such as Tay-Sachs disease, identification by testing the amniotic fluid cells (amniocentresis) in time…

Information on the centromere, or kinetochore, varies from textbook to textbook. This article reviews and reconsiders how this body is defined. (BB)

The fates of phrenology and evolutionary theory in the 19th Century are studied in order to assess the current status of sociobiology and predict its future. (Author/AM)

Jensen's arguments that the anomalies in Sir Cyril Burt's kinship data are due to carelessness are critically examined. (Author)

The idea of evolution is examined in a historical perspective in this article. Considerable discussion is given to the works of Lamarck and Darwin. The evolutionary process is also examined with respect to philosophy, art and music history, and man's place in nature. References are included. (MA)

Reviews genetic influence on suicide. Reviews methodologies for studying the nature-nurture issue and examines their applicability to the study of suicide. Reviews research from the methodologically sound strategies. Examines work by Uematsu using an approach different from any of the conventional methodologies. (Author/ABB)

Article focused on the science of cytogenetics, which studied the transmission of the units of heredity called chromosomes, and considered the advantage of proper diagnosis of genetic diseases, treated on the chromosomal level. (Author/RK)

Authors describe genetic methods which have been used for population control in insects. Methods which are used alone or in combinations are explained briefly. (PS)

Presented are issues related to genetic engineering. Increased knowledge of techniques to manipulate genes are apt to create confusion about moral values in relation to unborn babies and other living organisms on earth. Human beings may use this knowledge to disturb the balance maintained by nature. (PS)

Analyzes student responses to an examination question requiring an understanding of the principles of genetic coding and suggests reasons for the misconceptions revealed. (AL)

In the article, Robert Lehrke responds to the criticism of the authors who criticized his paper, A Theory of X-Linkage of Major Intellectual Traits,'' appearing in the same journal. (CB)

Discusses the need for concurrent attention to methods of pest management when ecological changes consequent upon the introduction of new grains occur in large areas of the tropics. (AL)