Development of memory depends upon changes in several mnemonic processes, which are illustrated in experiments with normal and mentally retarded adults and children. (Author/WY)

Assessed the effects of a problem-solving skills training program on sex-role identity. Hypothesized that couples (N=26) in a problem-solving skills training program would show greater movement toward androgyny relative to a control group. Results indicated that the experimental group was significantly higher on femininity following treatment.…

This review divides the literature on mentoring into three sections: mentoring in adult growth and development, in the business world, and in academic settings. Although the literature is biased in favor of the phenomenon, the concept needs clarification and more rigorous research and evaluation. (SK)

Examined the relationship between the qualitative aspects of marital intimacy among 20 couples and a quantitative microanalysis of their self-disclosing behavior. Results suggest that, although self-disclosure and intimacy are not synonymous, self-disclosing behavior is a major determinant of various aspects of marital intimacy. (Author/JAC)

Reviews the theoretical assumptions of Kohlberg's cognitive-development analysis of moral reasoning; discusses the construction of moral education programs along Kohlberg's principles; and emphasizes the psychological processes which account for the growth of moral reasoning during adulthood. (Author/AYC)

The failure to appreciate the nature of adult development and its relationship to learning and teaching is in part theoretical and in part due to weak research methodology. New and more effective methodologies use a combination of cross-sections of groups and longitudinal studies. Consideration of adult learner self-concept is also vital. (MSE)

Explored the meaning of grandparenthood to grandparents, the importance of grandparenthood across the life cycle, and the relationship between grandparenthood and mental health. Derived five dimensions of grandparenthood meaning: (1) centrality, (2) valued elder, (3) immortality through clan, (4) reinvolvement with personal past, and (5) spoil.…

Examined a series of decisions made by 95 subjects over a period of 18 years. Results indicated that decisions made at earlier stages of development are more likely to be of an exploratory nature and decisions made at later stages are more likely to be of a terminal nature. (Author)

Developmental theory is used to clarify the academic career process. Information from college professors at five vocational stages indicates that some attributes change very little, some evolve directly, and others follow indirect paths of development. Important implications for faculty and administrators are discussed. (Author/MLW)

Adults in their twenties and sixties were tested for free recall, cued recall, and recognition of words that they had studied in an intentional memory task or generated associations to in an incidental orienting task. Significant age-related declines in performance on intentional items were observed regardless of type of memory test. (Author)

Studies of the adult cycle often concentrate on ordered life events. Researchers deny importance to unanticipated events. However, for women at middle age, trends in the number of divorces, widows, and women entering the labor force indicate that unanticipated events are of central importance in assessing women's experience. (Author)

Discusses Robert Havighurst's study of developmental tasks for stages of life from infancy to older adulthood. Discusses the relevance of the findings in relation to adult education. (JOW)

Hypothesized that maladjustment and stress are present in divorced women but diminish over time. Four groups divorced for different time spans were studied. Personality characteristics of the groups were analyzed. Results indicated that psychological maladjustment in women diminishes over time. (Author)

Summarizes studies in the field of media and aging within six categories: media-use behavior and demographic characteristics of the aging audience; related media content; effects on individual's responses to aging; social consequences of the interrelationship between media and aging; structure and function of media organizations; and strategies…

Implications for social work with families are presented after a consideration of the developmental tasks of the family and its members. Developmental areas emphasized are adult development, transitional points between developmental tasks, family life cycle tasks, and the influence of successful crisis resolution upon later development. (Author/DB)