A study involving 152 children (ages 7-13) with learning disabilities assessed the relationships between age and psychosocial functioning, and the relationships among psychosocial functioning, cognitive abilities, and academic achievement. Results found no increase in psychopathology with advancing age and clear relationships between academic…

Examines German research on apprenticeships with a focus on four questions: How are young people allocated to apprenticeships and thereby to occupations? What are the occupational prospects for those who have completed apprenticeships? How does apprenticeship affect political socialization? and How does it affect personality development? Offers…

A research review identified a range of family process variables associated with enhanced career development for adolescents and young adults. Findings were consistent with the theories of Roe (personality development and career choice) and Super (life-span, life-space) regarding the influence of family processes on career development. (Contains…

A hypothesis, based on concepts of narcissism and perversion, is presented of the mental functioning of the physically and sexually abusive parent. The concept also gives insight into the structuring of the personality of the child-victim, who undergoes the risk of himself becoming a physically and/or sexually abusive parent. (DB)

Presents a model of cognition and emotion that suggests that feedback between cognition and emotion generates, maintains, and reconfigures interpretations of emotion-eliciting events at micro- and macrodevelopmental time scales and that personality and behavior self-organize in response to fluctuations in perception or cognition and trace…

Discusses how views of correctional teacher characteristics have changed and how teacher aims have been linked directly to student character formation. Includes historical and cultural contexts, teacher selection issues, and a summary. (Author/JOW)

Examined the number and nature of temperamental types in 488 children, age 3 years 6 months. Configural-frequency-analysis methods showed clear support for two temperament types: controlled-nonexpressive and noncontrolled-expressive. These types showed meaningful differences against external criteria related to a wide range of problem behaviors.…

Jungian gender development theory provides the means to view the individuation process and how it is influenced by gender. Explains how women must come to understand what it means to be female and to recognize masculine components of their personality, just as men must understand their development. Suggests counselors have a responsibility to…

Examined psychological maturity based on personal strivings in 108 adults ages 17 to 82 years. Results supported hypotheses that older people would list more strivings concerning generativity and ego integrity and fewer strivings concerning identity and intimacy, and that maturity and age would be positively associated with subjective well-being.…

Discusses the connection between brain development and human educational needs based on neuroscience research. Considers brain development from conception, including cell structure, myelination, and regional development of the brain, stressing the importance of a child's early environment and the prenatal vulnerability of the brain. (JPB)

Presents a review and counseling implications for an article titled "Witnessing Parental Violence as a Traumatic Experience Shaping the Abusive Personality" by Donald Dutton (2000). Dutton contends that the early combination of witnessing or directly experiencing violence, shaming, and insecure attachment contributes to the development…

We conceptualize personality and individual variation from the perspective of dynamical systems. People's thoughts, feelings, and predispositions for action are inherently dynamic, displaying constant change due to internal mechanisms and external forces, but over time the flow of thought and action converges on a narrow range of states--a…

Two models of heterosexual identity development are discussed. The models were developed for different reasons and thus represent different ways of conceptualizing heterosexual identity development. The strengths and weaknesses of each model are presented and the two models are compared and contrasted. Apart from the models themselves, these two…

"Positive Action," a K-12 program, aims to promote character development, academic achievement, and social-emotional skills and to reduce disruptive and problem behavior. The program is based on the philosophy that you feel good about yourself when you think and do positive actions, and there is always a positive way to do everything.…

The authors offer a new, integrative conceptualization of the relational self based on a synthesis of recent approaches to the self and significant others. This conceptualization provides a sharper and fuller definition of the relational self than does any existing approach alone and a common framework to interpret findings from separate…