It was hypothesized that favorability of member attitudes toward the trainer and group in T groups is a function of similarity of members' control and affection needs with the trainer's. It was further predicted that similarity in control needs would affect attitudes toward the trainer primarily during an early stage, and similarity in affection…

The present study compared the effects of content, process, and passive types of third party intervention on the bargaining behavior of pairs of group representatives. The setting was a simulated school board-teacher's union dispute over a new contract. Each side was represented by one person who was instructed to bargain tenaciously and obtain as…

The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of induced affect as a pregroup training experience for coping with stress related to participation in an encounter group. Twenty-six subjects who volunteered to participate in an encounter group randomly were assigned to three treatment groups: Induced Affect Training plus the Encounter…

This paper describes two attempts to utilize a conflict resolution approach in academic settings. The approach includes: (1) the significance of the structure of communication between parties in conflict; (2) the understanding of face-to-face interaction processes; (3) problems of perceptual distortion; and (4) political socializations. The…

This updated search of the ERIC system, "Dissertation Abstracts," and the journal literature yielded 91 documents which cover group counseling, group dynamics, types of group and how they function as well as training needed for working with groups. (CJ)

Fifty volunteer undergraduate students majoring in speech pathology and audiology at the University of North Dakota tested the following hypotheses: (1) leaders exhibit significantly more nonverbal cues than do nonleaders in task-oriented and informal small groups; (2) members of task-oriented small groups exhibit significantly more nonverbal cues…

An example of the way gaming can be used to bring attention to, and improve skills in, making democracy function better is presented. The game is played by seven people seated around two triangular playing boards; it involves making choices among least, intermediate, and most preferred alternatives, keeping the preferences of the majority in…

An attempt was made to ascertain what type of verbal interaction behavior manifested by a group given a problem in curriculum development affects the quality of the product. Thirty ad hoc groups, selected randomly, were given curriculum development tasks to solve. Curriculum Guide Form (CGF) and Bales' Interaction Process Analysis (IPA) were used…

Team processes as related to educational objective development are divided into two parts: (1) a low level conflict exercise, and (2) an educational objectives worksheet. Part One or the exercise involves showing a neutral document on the overhead project and eliciting responses to certain specific questions. This done as a large group first and…

Two laboratory experiments are reported which describe the effects of the presence of a neutral in a communication network during the resolution of differences of opinion between two persons. The presence of a neutral was found to be associated with increased resistance to persuasion, increased number of messages between parties, and increased…

The role and status of the recreation professional, with emphasis on leadership methodology, is examined in this text. Examples of program activities, guides for the development of recreation programs, and a survey of the types of programs sponsored by a wide variety of public and voluntary agencies are provided. (SW)

Most counselor trainees do not know how to help clients elaborate their own unique meanings in life. To provide experiences to overcome this, the author has attempted to do the following in the practicum: (1) provide a simulated client experience for the trainee by having each individual in the group react to an emotional simulation sequence and…

The present studies tested the hypothesis that a social supporter with negative task related characteristics would be less effective in reducing conformity in a group pressure situation than a social supporter without such negative traits. The subjects consisted of 77 undergraduates at the University of Wisconsin and the hypothesis was tested in a…

This book describes a program that deals with group dynamics and applies encounter group techniques to the training of teachers. The program consists of two weeks of encounter during the summer; a 3-day workshop just prior to the start of school; and monthly curriculum workshops, monthly encounter groups, and periodic visitations throughout the…

The manual is designed to help student volunteer leaders and others plan and conduct training activities for student volunteers. It exposes student volunteers to skills, knowledge, and attitudes necessary to perform competently. Section 1 covers the assessment of training needs and the establishment of training objectives while section 2 shows how…