Estimates of the criterion-related validity for the National Teacher Examinations (NTE) in mathematics and science were determined empirically. Results suggest that the science tests are not as useful as the mathematics tests as indicators of subject knowledge. (GK)

Examines the credibility of inferences based on cross-group comparisons of regression coefficients using Black-White differences in the educational attainment process as an example. Shows that reanalyses of data from previous studies fail to produce consistent results even when major differences in samples, models, and methods are held constant.…

Sociological and demographic research often uses variables computed as ratios. When the denominators are highly correlated, and the ratios are used in correlation or regression analysis, a statistical dependency is formed. This article investigates this problem, particularly with respect to partial correlation, multiple regression, and the…

Two methods of analyzing nonorthogonal (uneven cell sizes) cross-classified data sets are compared. The methods are direct standardization and the general linear model. The authors illustrate when direct standardization may be a desirable method of analysis. (JKS)

A causal model was developed which explains and predicts the variation among a sample of communities in their levels of per capita public spending. Using United States census data it was concluded that 50 percent of the variance was explained by the equations measuring need, preference, and ability to finance public spending. (Author/MC)

Tests alternative theoretical models of environment-individual interaction. Findings point to the importance of person-environment fit in the areas of congregation, impulse control, and segregation in explaining morale. (Author)

The utility of several longitudinal data analysis models for use with educational attainment are discussed and illustrated on a large data set. Assumptions of the models, choice of scale units, and data transformations, as well as real-life implications are emphasized. (Author/JKS)

Two major and two minor principles are shown to serve to generate a large number of multivariate models, including canonical analysis, factor analysis, and latent trait test theory. The statistical underpinnings of the theory are discussed. (Author/JKS)

The use of a path analysis model to obtain unique, substantively meaningful decomposition of variance among endogenous (independent) variables in the model is argued. This reasoning runs counter to more traditional path analytic work. An example is provided. (Author/JKS)

This study focuses on the ideas that are articulated within architectural firms and how these ideas affect basic dimensions of organization: task and structural complexity and successful innovation, as measured by the firm's success in winning design awards. (Author)

This article demonstrates, through a case study, the use of pre-existing subgroups as moderator variables to increase the predictive effectiveness of educational research. Use of moderator variables in this study increased the amount of explained variance by 460 percent. (JDS)

Presents data on variations of career patterns in the metropolitan St. Louis area, and discusses how these variations might explain certain characteristics of the area's school systems. Concludes that "the problem is that schools are not paying for those characteristics of the teaching force which are associated with improved pupil…

Examines the factorial structure underlying different task types within the domain of phonological awareness. Tests, in study 1, 128 preschoolers without formal reading instruction, giving them tasks in rhyme recognition, syllable counting, initial phoneme matching and deletion, phoneme blending, and phoneme counting. Replicates structural…

A microcomputer program that computes statistical power for analyses performed by multiple regression/correlation is described. The program features a spreadsheet-like interface, outputting the effect size and value of power corresponding to the input parameters, including predictor variables, sample size, alpha, and error type. (TJH)

Male and female eleventh grade students from 14 schools in Tel Aviv were tested to determine the effect of gender and other factors on values and value judgments. No predominating factor was found, although gender effect could be quantified. (DM)