Compared abused women (N=10) with nonabused women (N=10) by using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory. Results showed that when compared to a matched group of nonabused women, a significantly greater proportion of abused women evidenced pathological conditions. (LLL)

Presents a profile of the ex-smoker in comparison to smokers and nonsmokers. Collected data from 5,393 youths in grades seven-12. Analysis of data by grade and sex clearly indicated that the ex-smoker group had a significantly different profile from the smoker or nonsmoker groups. (BH)

Discusses, with special reference to socially disapproved conduct, possible family and school influences on behavioral development. Influences are discussed in terms of alternative explanations for causal inferences relating environmental variables and children's disorders; mechanisms and processes; persistence of environmental effects; and…

Examined development of conditional reasoning from perspective of competence-moderator-performance approach. Effects of task interpretation and cognitive style as moderator variables for conditional reasoning were examined with 8th, 10th and 12th graders. Results indicated that only 12th graders benefit from training and training generalized to…

Examined the differences in personal health practices by family type--single-parent versus two-parent--and the relationship of family characteristics--socialization practices, extent of social networks, health training efforts by parents, family socioeconomic status to personal health practices in single-parent and two-parent families (N=41).…

Three groups of children (rejected, neglected, and accepted) were identified for boys and girls separately and were compared on peer behavioral attributions, teacher ratings, analogue assertiveness task, and self-evaluation. Rejected children were clearly distinguished from their same-sex neglected and accepted classmates and were described by…

A teacher shares how a mainstreamed reading group can be a medium through which children are enabled not only to make reading gains but to better accept individual differences in themselves and in others. Examples are offered from her third grade class. (DG)

Discusses the nature of mentoring and how counselors can use mentoring research to benefit clients. A survey of 100 individuals with or without a mentoring relationship showed that mentoring is a behavioral phenomenon not dependent on personality traits. (JAC)

Compared 10 novice and 12 veteran wheelchair athletes at the 1982 Dixie Wheelchair Games on measures of self-concept and acceptance of disability. Significant differences between the two groups were found, with novice disabled athletes having lower acceptance of disability, lower perceived social adequacy, and lower consistency of self-perception.…

Examined volunteering bias in racial, gender, and age groups in an adult development study. Results showed the middle-aged group volunteered at a higher rate, but this effect was restricted to Whites. Women volunteered more readily than men, except the elderly. Whites volunteered more readily than Blacks. (JAC)

Examined the relationship between outcomes of behaviorally oriented treatment for children (N=366) and eye color. Findings were consistent with theoretical expectations: Dark-eyed children and teenagers responded better to reactive treatment programs than their light-eyed counterparts, while the reverse was true for self-paced treatment programs.…

Identified 16 significantly different marital communication practices which distinguished 23 happily married individuals from those undergoing counseling (N=23). Results revealed that happy individuals had significantly more congruency between their self-perceptions and their spouse's perceptions of their communication practices and more congruent…

Examined relief and distress as responses to the termination of marriage in a study of 205 individuals soon after their final separation. Results showed that relief is a frequent response to marital separation. Group differences in response were associated with the rewards and costs of ending a marriage. (JAC)

Compared suicidal behaviors among two populations in the same geographical area: clients at a psychology clinic versus individuals from the general population. In both samples, 10 percent of the individuals reported prior parasuicidal behavior; the two populations were also quite similar on reports of prior suicidal ideation. (JAC)

A growing body of research has exploded the notion that a single, highly proselyted method of teaching is good for shorthand. Discussed are (1) the major goal of shorthand/transcription, (2) an instructional design for achieving this goal, and (3) the decisions and options that emerge in the dual-system classroom. (HD)