A study was conducted to examine whether androgynous individuals would view out-of-role implicit behavior by both male and female managers more positively than would either masculine or feminine individuals and whether low status behavior by the managers would be rated as being more considerate than high status behavior. Two weeks after completing…

A study was conducted to examine speech interruption patterns as an index of communication dominance and gender differences in language behavior. Six graduate student groups involving a total of 35 subjects were videotaped. The data extracted for study were 255 transcribed interruption sequences. A category system was developed and used to code…

The purpose of this educational research project is to assess whether teachers actually encourage and foster (invite) their elementary students to solve problems. Teacher invitations are verbal and nonverbal messages sent to students either intentionally or unintentionally. Teacher invitations are significant because they indicate the teacher's…

A study was conducted to examine the influence of parents' attitudes toward and use of media on their college-age children's media use and attitudes. Telephone interviews were conducted with 400 university students in the Northeast, and a questionnaire was sent to their parents. Both instruments measured media use variables, attitudes toward the…

Four coorientation variables--congruency, accuracy, agreement, and feelings of being understood--were examined after each of 15 meetings of a discussion group composed of 12 graduate students in education. It was hypothesized that group members' accuracy and agreement regarding salient group issues would increase over time, and that congruency and…

This study explored competition and styles of research in the fields of education, political science, sociology, and psychology. The paper is based on a theory which considers science as a competitive activity. Basic, non-applied, experimental, and "high qualitative" research styles are considered more advantageous to competition because (1) they…

This paper describes a study of the relationship between terminology in psychological studies and prevailing social conditions at the time of the studies. It is proposed that researchers reflect societal concerns by their choice of semantic markers (terminology). Over 3,000 psychological studies from 1900-72 were analyzed in terms of their…

This paper reports on a study of the involvement of high school students with instructional activities. It was hypothesized that student involvement depends on expectations for success, importance of the action to the achievement of success, and confidence that the action is appropriate for the achievement of success. Eighty-eight students…

This research report describes an analysis of the ways state legislative policy makers in Arizona, California, and Oregon engage in the process of turning political interests and pressures into public policies. The purpose is to provide insights into the overall processes of social science utilization within state legislatures, using a behavioral…

The communication apprehension and interpersonal needs of college students in the People's Republic of China were examined and compared to similar data on college students in the United States, Korea, Japan, and Australia. The instruments used in the studies were the Personal Report of Communication Apprehension (PRCA) and the Fundamental…

DURING THE PERIOD 1930 TO 1938, THE PATTERNS OF BEHAVIOR OF A BASIC SAMPLE OF 138 THREE TO FOUR AND ONE-HALF YEAR-OLD CHILDREN WERE OBTAINED BY TEACHER RATINGS. THE TEACHERS USED A RATING CHART OF 61 BEHAVIOR VARIABLES. TEN BEHAVIOR PATTERNS WERE ISOLATED FROM THIS GROUP. EACH PATTERN, FOR EXAMPLE, EMOTIONAL REACTIVITY, WAS COMPRISED OF SEVERAL…

Currently researchers are reexamining the validity of viewing alcoholics outside of their most important social unit: the family. However, a review of the current research shows little directly addressing how communication patterns influence and possibly sustain alcoholic behavior within the family setting. One study suggests that alcoholism and…

This volume contains 19 essays on current research in representative areas of psychology. All of the authors are professors and researchers at universities in the United States. A wide range of topics is discussed. Included among these are human learning and memory; behavioral decision theory; categorization of natural objects; developmental…

Rating scales were developed and applied to evaluate deferential/nondeferential language users. Participants were 1,262 college students in small discussion groups containing two experimenter's confederates who used either deferential or nondeferential language. The characteristics of deferential language users were questioning/tentative behavior,…

Some of the distinguishing features associated with behavioral prevention methodology are discussed. Behaviorists for Social Action have already implicitly identified target populations for preventive interventions, and the two distinct populations which have been identified can form the focus of preventive endeavors. The dissimilar populations…