Age differences in memory performance have been ascribed to corresponding differences in the effectiveness of mental memorization procedures. A comparative assessment of opportunity and capability hypotheses is evaluated with reference to results of previous studies of procedural maintenance and transfer following instruction, using a sample of…

Examined the psychosocial characteristics that cognitively mediate between life stressors and the stress response in 235 subjects. Results from the five instruments used showed self-esteem was by far the most important characteristic discriminating between good and poor copers. Other factors were external control, life pace and irrational beliefs.…

This study was performed to resolve the question of comparability of manual dexterity scores obtained on wooden and plastic versions of the USES pegboard. Currently authorized equipment, either plastic or wooden, may be used with the confidence that scores are not affected by the type of equipment used. (Author)

This study investigated implications of using full rank-ordering information obtained when undergraduate Canadian students are asked to rank orientation preferences on the operationalized Clark-Trow typology. It was hypothesized that orientation blends resulting from first and second rank-ordered orientation choices were predictable. Each…

This research project ascertained personality profiles of rehabilitation clients. Three personality inventories were used. Results indicated state agency rehabilitation clients are characterized by differential patterns of personality characteristics. The taxonomic procedure used was profile analysis, and data was based on self-report. (NG)

Full-time homemakers (N=55) and 63 full- or part-time outside job holders completed a questionnaire which assessed their level of satisfaction overall and with specific aspects of the homemaker work role or job. It was found that both full-time homemakers and job holders were quite satisfied with the homemaker work role. (Author)

This study was undertaken to evaluate models that could be used to set single-year individual student academic growth targets. Multiple terms of individual student reading and mathematics test results were analyzed to predict each student's final status score in each subject. Test records from more than 5,300 students in 3 cohorts were used; 2…

Efforts to use eye movement data to elucidate cognitive processes center on phenomena ranging from basic physiological processes to complex processes such as decision-making and job performance, and have been very productive. Irrespective of the particular task being studied, individual differences efforts have yielded differences in eye movements…

This book presents a model of curriculum development for gifted students and offers four parallel approaches that focus on ascending intellectual demand as students develop expertise in learning. The parallel curriculum's four approaches include: (1) the core or basic curriculum; (2) the curriculum of connections, which expands on the core…

A historical review of the science of developmental deviations in children leads from Johann Comenius in the 17th century to the current status of child psychiatry. (DB)

A geneticist discusses the heritability of intelligence and points out the pitcalls that lie in the path of those who try to estimate the heritability of IQ differences. (Editor)

The literature on observer characteristics and imitation was reviewed in an attempt to delineate the role of these variables in the imitative process. (ST)

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the underlying dimensions of the 10 Rorschach inkblots by means of standard multidimensional scaling procedures. The question of whether such emergent dimensions would be related to standard Rorschach scoring categories was raised; and the possibility of individual characteristics was explored.…