Examined the development of toddler affectionate behavior toward new teachers. Observed 10 toddlers during free play on the first 40 days of day care attendance, recording children's responses to their teacher's smiling, affectionate words, and affectionate contact. Found that smiling received affectionate child responses earlier than other…

This paper examines the role of internal working models in the development of parent-child relationships. Mental representations of child attachment, adult attachment, and parental caregiving are reviewed in light of adaptational deficits often associated with attachment insecurity. A reconceptualization of the link between insecurity and child…

Examines the influence of socialization figures (parents, friends), emotion type (anger, sadness, physical pain), age, and gender on 66 second-grade and 71 fifth-grade children's reasons for and methods of affect expression. Found that girls reported using verbal means to communicate emotion, whereas boys cited mildly aggressive methods. (MDM)

Investigated effects of depressed mothers' touching on their infants' behavior during still-face situation. Subjects were 48 mothers and their 3-month-old infants. Findings suggested that by providing touch stimulation for their infants, depressed mothers can increase infants' positive affect and compensate for negative effects often resulting…

Explored whether the resonance of certain orientations and dimensions purportedly distinctive of black culture (affect, communalism, and spirituality) and mainstream American culture (competition, effort optimism, and individualism) related to African American youths' strategies for coping with perceived discrimination. Surveys of Ohio and Alabama…

This study examined relations of reactive versus proactive aggression to second-graders' anger after losing in a board game to a cheating confederate. Found that reactive aggression, but not proactive aggression, was positively related to skin conductance reactivity and observed angry nonverbal behaviors, both at an aggregated level and in terms…

Interviews with 19 facilitators and 43 participants in collaborative learning elicited integral values of the approach. The hallmark of collaborative learning was engagement of the whole person. Dimensions included touching the affective, working with experiences, strengthening the cognitive, and enhancing the social. (Contains 62 references.) (SK)

The goal of this study was to track and compare the paths along which young adults arrange and time the entries and exits from marital and cohabiting unions. The focus was on the incidence, durations, and outcomes of dimensions that embrace residential separation. Results show that union trajectories are dynamic and involve a heterogeneous and…

Tested hypothesis that higher levels of positive affect and lower levels of negative affect would predict depression during pregnancy and in the postpartum period. Analysis of 100 women indicated that women at risk for depression during pregnancy and in the postpartum period may exhibit heightened negative moods and a dearth of positive affective…

An overarching learning theory is presented, based on assumptions that all learning includes (1) external learner-environment interaction and internal acquisition and elaboration and (2) cognitive, emotional, and social dimensions. The framework depicts four types of learning: cumulative, assimilative, accommodative, and transformative. (Contains…

Classroom observations and supervisor evaluations were made of 12 certified second-year secondary agriculture teachers. Agricultural education coursework and grade point average were predictive of teaching performance. None of seven certification measures explained variance in performance. Supervisors who were interviewed rated cognitive and…

Assesses positive affective states experienced by users of a one-hour program in a hypermedia learning environment. Results showed that the users of the training program were put into a positive mood and about a quarter of the users experienced "flow." Results are discussed in the context of self-directed learning. (Contains 55…

This pilot study aimed to establish the psychiatric morbidity in children remanded to prison custody using an age appropriate instrument, the K-SADS. The 19 boys interviewed showed high rates of affective disorders, substance misuse and conduct disorder. Study highlights the need to develop child and adolescent mental health services for children…

Several activities that can help deaf children build affective awareness are described. The activities emphasize hands-on, experience-based learning and play, and focus on building self-awareness, learning new ways to interact, recognizing feelings, and having children create books about themselves. (JDD)

Consistent with results of research with toddlers, abused preschoolers exhibited more inappropriate responses toward distressed peers, and were more likely to cause distress of peers, than were nonabused peers. Inappropriate responses of abused children persist beyond toddlerhood, despite experiences with nonabusive caregivers and nonabused peers.…